Kamita Moses, Waweru Harrison, Githinji Mercy, Kibiro Emma, Makokha Francis
Research and Innovation, Mount Kenya University, Thika, Kenya.
County Assembly Service Board, County Assembly of Nyandarua, Ol Kalou, Kenya.
Heliyon. 2024 Oct 9;10(20):e39056. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e39056. eCollection 2024 Oct 30.
Cancer is a major global public health issue, causing a significant number of premature deaths worldwide. In 2020, the World Health Organization reported that more than 19 million individuals were diagnosed with cancer, and over 10 million lost their lives to the disease. Predictions indicate that cancer-related deaths will exceed 30 million by 2030, with around 75 % occurring in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) like Kenya. Various factors contribute to this concerning trend, including aging populations, a high prevalence of cancer risk factors, socioeconomic disparities resulting in limited healthcare access, and deficiencies in healthcare systems within LMICs. This study focused on Nyandarua County, Kenya, which lacks a dedicated cancer registry. Without comprehensive incidence data, the county faces challenges in developing targeted programs for cancer prevention, management, and control. The main objective of this investigation was to establish a cancer registry specific to Nyandarua County, capable of continuously gathering accurate cancer data, patient treatment follow-ups and disease outcomes. A demographic survey was conducted to determine the frequency of all-cause and specific cancers among patients who attended selected health facilities between 2013 and 2020. Data were collected from existing hospital records in three main hospitals in the county. A total of 1373 cases were recorded, with 54.9 % of patients being female. North Kinangop Catholic Hospital accounted for the largest number of patients (62 %), followed by JM Kariuki County Memorial Hospital (35 %), while Engineer Hospital contributed the remaining 3 %. The top five cancer sites observed in Nyandarua County were esophagus (16.8 %), cervix uteri (13.4 %), stomach (10.6 %), breast (8.8 %), and prostate (8.6 %). Our findings provide valuable insights into the prevalence and distribution of different types of cancer in the region. With the establishment of this cancer registry, Nyandarua County is now among the pioneering counties in Kenya. It is crucial for the county government to undertake the responsibility of continuously updating the registry to draw inferences regarding cancer prevalence in the region to enhance patients follow up and survival.
癌症是一个重大的全球公共卫生问题，在全球导致大量过早死亡。2020年，世界卫生组织报告称，超过1900万人被诊断患有癌症，超过1000万人死于该疾病。预测表明，到2030年，与癌症相关的死亡人数将超过3000万，其中约75%发生在肯尼亚等低收入和中等收入国家（LMICs）。多种因素导致了这一令人担忧的趋势，包括人口老龄化、癌症风险因素的高流行率、导致医疗保健获取有限的社会经济差距以及低收入和中等收入国家医疗保健系统的不足。本研究聚焦于肯尼亚的尼亚丹鲁瓦县，该县缺乏专门的癌症登记处。由于缺乏全面的发病率数据，该县在制定针对性的癌症预防、管理和控制计划方面面临挑战。这项调查的主要目的是建立一个专门针对尼亚丹鲁瓦县的癌症登记处，能够持续收集准确的癌症数据、患者治疗随访情况和疾病结果。进行了一项人口统计调查，以确定2013年至2020年间在选定医疗机构就诊的患者中全因癌症和特定癌症的发病率。数据从该县三家主要医院的现有医院记录中收集。共记录了1373例病例，其中54.9%的患者为女性。北基南戈普天主教医院的患者人数最多（62%），其次是JM卡里uki县纪念医院（35%），而工程师医院占其余的3%。在尼亚丹鲁瓦县观察到的前五大癌症部位是食管（16.8%）、子宫颈（13.4%）、胃（10.6%）、乳腺（8.8%）和前列腺（8.6%）。我们的研究结果为该地区不同类型癌症的患病率和分布提供了有价值的见解。随着这个癌症登记处的建立，尼亚丹鲁瓦县现在是肯尼亚的先驱县之一。县政府有责任持续更新该登记处，以推断该地区的癌症患病率，从而加强患者随访和提高生存率，这一点至关重要。
