Gang Gen, Gao Ruiheng, Zhao Huricha, Xu Yuanqing, Xing Yuanyuan, Jin Xiao, Hong Lei, Yan Sumei, Shi Binlin
College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
Front Microbiol. 2024 Oct 18;15:1485882. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1485882. eCollection 2024.
The present study investigated the effects of water extracts of L. (WEAA) on rumen immune and antioxidative indexes, fermentation parameters and microbial diversity in lambs. A total of 32 3-month-old Dorper × Han female lambs having comparable body weights (24±0.09 kg) were selected and were randomly assigned to four treatments, with eight repetitions for each treatment. The basal diet, consisting of 45% concentrate and 55% forage, was solely provided to the control group. For the other treatment groups, the basal diet was supplemented with WEAA at dosages of 500, 1000, and 1500 mg/kg diet, respectively. Rumen tissue samples were collected for the analysis of immune and antioxidative parameters, as well as related gene expression. Rumen fluid samples were collected to assess rumen fermentation parameters on days 30 and 60 and to evaluate the microbiota on day 60. Results showed that WEAA supplementation linearly or quadratically increased the content of sIgA, IL-4, IL-2 and the gene expression level of MyD88, IκB-α, IL-4, COX-2, iNOS in rumen tissue ( < 0.05), as well as the bacteria negatively associated with IL-6 ( ). Furthermore, the addition of WEAA linearly or quadratically increased rumen T-SOD, GSH-Px ( < 0.05) and the gene expression level of Nrf2, SOD2, GSH-Px, HO-1 ( < 0.05), and decreased the rumen concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) and gene expression level of Keap1 ( < 0.05), as well as the bacteria positively associated with T-AOC, T-SOD and GSH-Px (, , , ). The supplementation of WEAA caused the concentration of microprotein (MCP), total volatile fatty acids (TVFA), propionate to increase either linearly or quadratically, while reducing the concentration of NH3-N and the acetate/propionate ratio (A:P) in rumen fluid ( < 0.05). The addition of WEAA linearly or quadratically increased the abundance of Actinobacteriota, Cyanobacteria and Lachnospiraceae_NK3A20_group ( < 0.10), and , , , g_Bifidobacterium were significantly abundant as specific microflora in the 1000 mg/kg WEAA supplementation group. In conclusion, dietary inclusion of 1000 mg/kg WEAA improved the rumen immune function, antioxidant status, rumen fermentation, and composition of rumen microbes in lambs.
本研究调查了L.水提取物（WEAA）对羔羊瘤胃免疫和抗氧化指标、发酵参数及微生物多样性的影响。选取32只体重相当（24±0.09 kg）的3月龄杜泊×寒羊杂交母羔，随机分为4组，每组8个重复。对照组仅提供由45%精料和55%草料组成的基础日粮。其他处理组在基础日粮中分别添加500、1000和1500 mg/kg日粮的WEAA。采集瘤胃组织样本用于分析免疫和抗氧化参数以及相关基因表达。在第30天和第60天采集瘤胃液样本以评估瘤胃发酵参数，并在第60天评估微生物群。结果表明，添加WEAA使瘤胃组织中sIgA、IL-4、IL-2的含量以及MyD88、IκB-α、IL-4、COX-2、iNOS的基因表达水平呈线性或二次增加（P<0.05），以及与IL-6呈负相关的细菌（P<0.05）。此外，添加WEAA使瘤胃T-SOD、GSH-Px呈线性或二次增加（P<0.05）以及Nrf2、SOD2、GSH-Px、HO-1的基因表达水平增加（P<0.05），并降低瘤胃丙二醛（MDA）浓度和Keap1的基因表达水平（P<0.05），以及与T-AOC、T-SOD和GSH-Px呈正相关的细菌（P<0.05、P<0.05、P<0.05、P<0.05）。添加WEAA使瘤胃液中微蛋白（MCP）、总挥发性脂肪酸（TVFA）、丙酸浓度呈线性或二次增加，同时降低瘤胃液中NH3-N浓度和乙酸/丙酸比（A:P）（P<0.05）。添加WEAA使放线菌门、蓝细菌门和毛螺菌科_NK3A20_组的丰度呈线性或二次增加（P<0.10），并且在添加1000 mg/kg WEAA组中，双歧杆菌属作为特定微生物显著丰富（P<0.05、P<0.05、P<0.05、P<0.05）。总之，日粮中添加1000 mg/kg WEAA可改善羔羊瘤胃免疫功能、抗氧化状态、瘤胃发酵及瘤胃微生物组成。
