Wecker Sophie, Freudenstein David, Ganser Iris, Angstwurm Klemens, Lee De-Hyung, Linker Ralf A
Department of Neurology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
Department of Neurology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
Ther Adv Neurol Disord. 2024 Oct 24;17:17562864241284166. doi: 10.1177/17562864241284166. eCollection 2024.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic immune-mediated disease of the central nervous system affecting approximately 2.8 million people worldwide. In addition to genetic and environmental factors, various lifestyle factors contribute to disease development and progression.
We performed a monocentric retrospective study and investigated the effect of lifestyle factors such as obesity, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and dietary habits on the degree of disability in a cohort of people with MS (pwMS) with an average onset of disease after the age of 55.
This late-onset MS (LOMS) study group ( = 47) was characterized by a mean age of 60.9 years and a mean duration of disease of 5.0 years. The LOMS study group was compared with two control groups. The study participants in the "old control group" (C) were on average as old and in the "young control group" (C) as long suffering from MS as the pwMS in the LOMS group.
Data from medical documentation and a questionnaire were analyzed using descriptive frequency analyses and testing for correlation between different variables also by generalized estimating equations. The Expanded Disabilty Status Scale (EDSS) score and the progression index were used as a measure of disability.
We found a significant association between smoking history and the current EDSS score in the C group, but not in the two older study groups. For physical activity, there was a significant negative correlation with EDSS score in the study group and the C group, alcoholic beverage consumption correlated with decreased EDSS in the C group. The intake of meat negatively correlated with the progression index in the LOMS group.
In summary, different life-style factors correlated with disability depending on patient age and disease duration. These life-style factors may be considered in the future counseling of pwMS at older ages.
多发性硬化症（MS）是一种慢性免疫介导的中枢神经系统疾病，全球约有280万人受其影响。除遗传和环境因素外，各种生活方式因素也会影响疾病的发生和发展。
我们进行了一项单中心回顾性研究，调查肥胖、吸烟、饮酒、体育活动和饮食习惯等生活方式因素对一组平均发病年龄在55岁以后的多发性硬化症患者（pwMS）残疾程度的影响。
这个晚发性MS（LOMS）研究组（n = 47）的平均年龄为60.9岁，平均病程为5.0年。LOMS研究组与两个对照组进行比较。“老年对照组”（C）的研究参与者平均年龄与LOMS组的pwMS相同，“青年对照组”（C）患MS的时间与LOMS组的pwMS相同。
使用描述性频率分析对医疗记录和问卷数据进行分析，并通过广义估计方程检验不同变量之间的相关性。扩展残疾状态量表（EDSS）评分和进展指数用作残疾程度的衡量指标。
我们发现C组的吸烟史与当前EDSS评分之间存在显著关联，但在两个年龄较大的研究组中未发现。对于体育活动，研究组和C组中与EDSS评分存在显著负相关，酒精饮料消费与C组中EDSS降低相关。肉类摄入量与LOMS组的进展指数呈负相关。
总之，不同的生活方式因素与残疾的相关性取决于患者年龄和病程。这些生活方式因素在未来对老年pwMS的咨询中可能会被考虑。
