Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark.
Hepatol Commun. 2024 Nov 4;8(11). doi: 10.1097/HC9.0000000000000576. eCollection 2024 Nov 1.
Self-management in chronic diseases like cirrhosis involves patients providing the necessary knowledge, skills, and confidence to enhance self-efficacy. This scoping review aims to describe the literature on self-management interventions in patients with cirrhosis to create an overview and identify key concepts and gaps in the existing literature.
Four databases (CINAHL, Embase, Medline, and Scopus) were searched from November 2022 to September 2024. The review was reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis extension for Scoping Reviews. Studies published from 2000 onward, including patients with cirrhosis of different etiology and severity, focusing on self-management and/or self-efficacy, and performed in a health care setting, were considered.
The search produced 1012 articles, of which 16 were included in the review. These represented studies from 7 countries and a sample of 1.276 patients. The studies differed in study design, sample size, delivery format, self-management interventions designed by the authors, and evaluation. However, all studies described some form of improvement in patient-related and clinical outcomes after the intervention, mainly improved patient knowledge and quality of life.
Self-management interventions for patients with cirrhosis improved patient-related outcomes. However, more comprehensive and standardized interventions tailored to patients' needs are needed. These self-management interventions should focus on increasing confidence and self-efficacy and address the different skills required by patients to manage their disease.
肝硬化等慢性病的自我管理涉及患者提供必要的知识、技能和信心，以增强自我效能。本范围综述旨在描述肝硬化患者自我管理干预的文献，以创建概述并确定现有文献中的关键概念和差距。
从 2022 年 11 月至 2024 年 9 月，在 CINAHL、Embase、Medline 和 Scopus 四个数据库中进行了搜索。该综述按照系统评价和荟萃分析扩展的首选报告项目进行了报告，适用于范围综述。纳入 2000 年以后发表的研究，包括不同病因和严重程度的肝硬化患者，重点关注自我管理和/或自我效能，并在医疗保健环境中进行的研究。
搜索产生了 1012 篇文章，其中 16 篇被纳入综述。这些研究代表了来自 7 个国家的研究，样本量为 1276 名患者。研究在研究设计、样本量、交付格式、作者设计的自我管理干预措施以及评估方面存在差异。然而，所有研究都描述了干预后患者相关和临床结局的某种改善，主要是改善了患者的知识和生活质量。
肝硬化患者的自我管理干预措施改善了患者相关结局。然而，需要更全面和标准化的针对患者需求的干预措施。这些自我管理干预措施应侧重于增强信心和自我效能，并解决患者管理疾病所需的不同技能。
