State Key Laboratory of Yunnan Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.
Yunnan Provincial Tobacco Company Dali State Branch, Dali, China.
BMC Microbiol. 2024 Nov 4;24(1):446. doi: 10.1186/s12866-024-03597-7.
Continuous cropping of the same crop leads to land degradation. This is also called the continuous-cropping obstacle. Currently, intercropping tobacco with other crops can serve as an effective strategy to alleviate continuous cropping obstacles.
In this study, tobacco K326 and insectary floral plants were used as materials, and seven treatments of tobacco monoculture (CK), tobacco intercropped with Tagetes erecta, Vicia villosa, Fagopyrum esculentum, Lobularia maritima, Trifolium repens, and Argyranthemum frutescens respectively, were set up to study their effects on rhizosphere soil chemical properties and composition and structure of rhizosphere soil microbial community of tobacco. The 16 S rRNA gene and ITS amplicons were sequenced using Illumina high-throughput sequencing. tobacco/insectary floral plants intercropping can influence rhizosphere soil chemical properties, which also change rhizosphere microbial communities. The CK and treatment groups tobacco rhizosphere soil microorganisms had significantly different genera, such as tobacco intercropping with T. repens and A. frutescens significantly increased the number of Fusarium and intercropping T. erecta, V. villosa, L. maritima, T. repens, and A. frutescens significantly increased the number of Sphingomonas and unknown Gemmatimonadaceae. Additionally, intercropping T. erecta, V. villosa and L. maritima changed the rhizosphere fungal and bacteria community and composition of tobacco and the positive correlation between tobacco rhizosphere the genera of fungi and bacterial were greater than CK. The pathway of the carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and energy metabolism in rhizosphere bacteria were significantly decreased after continuous cropping. Fungal symbiotic trophic and saprophytic trophic were significantly increased after intercropping V. villosa, L. maritima and plant pathogen and animal pathogen were increased after intercropping T. repens and A. frutescens. Additionally, bacterial and fungal communities significantly correlated with soil chemical properties, respectively.
This study reveals that intercropping tobacco with insectary floral plants, particularly T. erecta, V. villosa, L. maritima and A. frutescens significantly affects soil chemical properties and alters rhizosphere microbial communities, increasing the abundance of certain microbial genera. Additionally, intercropping enhances pathways related to carbohydrate, amino acid, and energy metabolism in rhizosphere bacteria. These findings suggest that intercropping could provide a promising strategy to overcome challenges associated with continuous tobacco cropping by regulating the rhizosphere environment.
同一种作物的连续种植会导致土地退化。这也被称为连续种植障碍。目前，烟草与其他作物间作可以作为缓解连作障碍的有效策略。
本研究以烟草 K326 和蜜源植物为材料，设置烟草单作（CK）、烟草与万寿菊、猪毛蒿、野豌豆、海洲香薷、白三叶和苦苣分别间作 7 个处理，研究其对烟草根际土壤化学性质和根际土壤微生物群落组成和结构的影响。采用 Illumina 高通量测序对 16S rRNA 基因和 ITS 扩增子进行测序。烟草/蜜源植物间作对根际土壤化学性质有影响，也改变了根际微生物群落。CK 和处理组烟草根际土壤微生物具有显著不同的属，如烟草与白三叶和苦苣间作显著增加镰刀菌属的数量，与万寿菊、猪毛蒿、海洲香薷、白三叶和苦苣间作显著增加节杆菌属的数量。此外，与万寿菊、猪毛蒿和海洲香薷间作改变了烟草的根际真菌和细菌群落组成，烟草根际细菌的属与属之间呈正相关，大于 CK。根际细菌碳水化合物代谢、氨基酸代谢和能量代谢途径在连作后显著降低。与白三叶和苦苣间作后，真菌共生营养型和腐生营养型显著增加，与 T. repens 和 A. frutescens 间作后，植物病原菌和动物病原菌增加。此外，细菌和真菌群落与土壤化学性质显著相关。
本研究表明，烟草与蜜源植物，特别是与万寿菊、猪毛蒿、海洲香薷和苦苣间作，显著影响土壤化学性质，改变根际微生物群落，增加某些微生物属的丰度。此外，间作增强了根际细菌中与碳水化合物、氨基酸和能量代谢相关的途径。这些发现表明，间作可以通过调节根际环境提供一种有前途的策略来克服与连续烟草种植相关的挑战。
