Wang Huijing, He Wenjin, Liao Jing, Wang Shuangshuang, Dai Xinyue, Yu Meihua, Xie Yujie, Chen Yu
School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
Adv Mater. 2025 Jan;37(1):e2411967. doi: 10.1002/adma.202411967. Epub 2024 Nov 5.
Chemical reactions underpin biological processes, and imbalances in critical biochemical pathways within organisms can lead to the onset of severe diseases. Within this context, the emerging field of "Nanocatalytic Medicine" leverages nanomaterials as catalysts to modulate fundamental chemical reactions specific to the microenvironments of diseases. This approach is designed to facilitate the targeted synthesis and localized accumulation of therapeutic agents, thus enhancing treatment efficacy and precision while simultaneously reducing systemic side effects. The effectiveness of these nanocatalytic strategies critically hinges on a profound understanding of chemical kinetics and the intricate interplay of reactions within particular pathological microenvironments to ensure targeted and effective catalytic actions. This review methodically explores in situ catalytic reactions and their associated biomaterials, emphasizing regulatory strategies that control therapeutic responses. Furthermore, the discussion encapsulates the crucial elements-reactants, catalysts, and reaction conditions/environments-necessary for optimizing the thermodynamics and kinetics of these reactions, while rigorously addressing both the biochemical and biophysical dimensions of the disease microenvironments to enhance therapeutic outcomes. It seeks to clarify the mechanisms underpinning catalytic biomaterials and evaluate their potential to revolutionize treatment strategies across various pathological conditions.
化学反应是生物过程的基础，生物体内关键生化途径的失衡会导致严重疾病的发生。在此背景下，新兴的“纳米催化医学”领域利用纳米材料作为催化剂来调节特定疾病微环境中的基本化学反应。这种方法旨在促进治疗剂的靶向合成和局部积累，从而提高治疗效果和精准度，同时减少全身副作用。这些纳米催化策略的有效性关键取决于对化学动力学以及特定病理微环境中反应的复杂相互作用的深刻理解，以确保靶向和有效的催化作用。本综述系统地探讨了原位催化反应及其相关生物材料，强调了控制治疗反应的调控策略。此外，讨论涵盖了优化这些反应的热力学和动力学所需的关键要素——反应物、催化剂以及反应条件/环境，同时严格探讨疾病微环境的生化和生物物理维度以提高治疗效果。它旨在阐明催化生物材料的作用机制，并评估其在各种病理条件下彻底改变治疗策略的潜力。
