State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China.
Adv Mater. 2019 Sep;31(39):e1901778. doi: 10.1002/adma.201901778. Epub 2019 Jul 22.
Catalysis and medicine are often considered as two independent research fields with their own respective scientific phenomena. Promoted by recent advances in nanochemistry, large numbers of nanocatalysts, such as nanozymes, photocatalysts, and electrocatalysts, have been applied in vivo to initiate catalytic reactions and modulate biological microenvironments for generating therapeutic effects. The rapid growth of research in biomedical applications of nanocatalysts has led to the concept of "nanocatalytic medicine," which is expected to promote the further advance of such a subdiscipline in nanomedicine. The high efficiency and selectivity of catalysis that chemists strived to achieve in the past century can be ingeniously translated into high efficacy and mitigated side effects in theranostics by using "nanocatalytic medicine" to steer catalytic reactions for optimized therapeutic outcomes. Here, the rationale behind the construction of nanocatalytic medicine is eludicated based on the essential reaction factors of catalytic reactions (catalysts, energy input, and reactant). Recent advances in this burgeoning field are then comprehensively presented and the mechanisms by which catalytic nanosystems are conferred with theranostic functions are discussed in detail. It is believed that such an emerging catalytic therapeutic modality will play a more important role in the field of nanomedicine.
催化和医学通常被认为是两个独立的研究领域，各自具有不同的科学现象。受纳微化学的最新进展的推动，大量的纳米催化剂，如纳米酶、光催化剂和电催化剂，已被应用于体内引发催化反应和调节生物微环境以产生治疗效果。纳米催化剂在生物医学应用方面的研究迅速发展，催生了“纳米催化医学”的概念，有望推动纳米医学领域这一分支学科的进一步发展。过去一个世纪，化学家们努力追求的催化高效率和选择性，可以通过使用“纳米催化医学”来引导催化反应以实现优化的治疗效果，巧妙地转化为治疗中更高的疗效和减轻的副作用。在这里，基于催化反应的基本反应因素（催化剂、能量输入和反应物），阐述了纳米催化医学的构建原理。然后全面介绍了这一新兴领域的最新进展，并详细讨论了催化纳米系统获得治疗功能的机制。相信这种新兴的催化治疗模式将在纳米医学领域发挥更重要的作用。
