Zhang Guoxin, Yang Liqin, Zhao Fang, Zhao Xiaoyun
Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Department, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
Nat Sci Sleep. 2024 Nov 1;16:1749-1756. doi: 10.2147/NSS.S489668. eCollection 2024.
To explore the characteristics of elderly patients with central sleep apnea (CSA).
This retrospective study divided 123 patients with CSA into elderly and non-elderly groups, and compared them in terms of demographic characteristics (age, BMI, etc), underlying diseases (hypertension, coronary heart disease, and cardiac arrhythmias, etc). and polysomnography parameters. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to investigate the potential risk factors of central apnea index (CAI).
Compared with the non-elderly group, patients in the elderly group had lower body mass index, a higher proportion of comorbidities of coronary heart disease, arrhythmias, and diabetes, lower apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), obstructive apnea index (OAI) and oxygen desaturation index (ODI). CAI of the elderly group showed a trend higher than that of the non-elderly group with no statistical difference. However, the ratio of CAI to AHI in the elderly group was significantly higher (0.264 vs 0.154, P=0.003). True CSA was less prevalent than companion CSA in both groups. The results of multiple regression analysis indicated CAI was independently associated with age (β=0.256, =0.005), OAI (β=-0.543, <0.001), MAI (β=-0.267, =0.005), ODI (β=0.538, <0.001), heart failure (β=0.300, <0.001).
CSA typically coexists with other types of sleep apnea. Elderly CSA patients have characteristics such as a lower BMI, and a milder decrease in blood oxygen saturation, along with higher prevalence of arrhythmia and coronary heart disease. Age may be a potential risk factor for CSA.
探讨老年中枢性睡眠呼吸暂停（CSA）患者的特征。
本回顾性研究将123例CSA患者分为老年组和非老年组，比较两组的人口统计学特征（年龄、体重指数等）、基础疾病（高血压、冠心病、心律失常等）及多导睡眠图参数。进行多元线性回归分析以探究中枢性呼吸暂停指数（CAI）的潜在危险因素。
与非老年组相比，老年组患者体重指数较低，冠心病、心律失常和糖尿病合并症比例较高，呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）、阻塞性呼吸暂停指数（OAI）和氧饱和度下降指数（ODI）较低。老年组的CAI有高于非老年组的趋势，但无统计学差异。然而，老年组CAI与AHI的比值显著更高（0.264对0.154，P = 0.003）。两组中真性CSA的患病率均低于伴发性CSA。多元回归分析结果表明，CAI与年龄（β = 0.256，P = 0.005）、OAI（β = -0.543，P < 0.001）、混合性呼吸暂停指数（MAI）（β = -0.267，P = 0.005）、ODI（β = 0.538，P < 0.001）、心力衰竭（β = 0.300，P < 0.001）独立相关。
CSA通常与其他类型的睡眠呼吸暂停共存。老年CSA患者具有体重指数较低、血氧饱和度下降较轻以及心律失常和冠心病患病率较高等特征。年龄可能是CSA的一个潜在危险因素。
