Sun Qiaoyun, Yu Jianqi, Zeng Yingran, Gai Yifang, Wang Jia, Zhang Yujun
School of Architecture and Urban Planning Shenzhen University Shenzhen China.
School of Landscape Architecture Beijing University of Agriculture Beijing China.
Ecol Evol. 2024 Nov 5;14(11):e70516. doi: 10.1002/ece3.70516. eCollection 2024 Nov.
The decline in biodiversity poses a serious threat to natural ecosystems and has become one of the most pressing global environmental issues. Establishing conservation priorities for protected areas (PAs) is one of the most direct and effective biodiversity conservation measures. However, conservation gaps arise as a result of existing problems in spatial layout of PAs, including overlapping protection scopes, artificial fragmentation of natural ecological regions, as well as "over-protection" and "over-exploitation." To optimize the spatial layout of PAs and improve the efficiency of biodiversity conservation, we employed the Habitat Quality module of the Integrated Assessment of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) model and the Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) model to assess the PAs in the Songnen Plain, China. The combined model (MaxEnt-InVEST) revealed that the conservation priorities for PAs in the Songnen Plain occupied a total area of 14,764.14 km (10.24% of the total area of the Songnen Plain). The conservation priorities outside PAs occupied a total area of 7858.45 km (5.45% of the total area of the Songnen Plain) and were primarily distributed in the northeastern, central, and southwestern regions of the Songnen Plain. This indicated that existing PAs did not offer adequate protection for local biodiversity. The consistency of our combined modeling framework was 72.11%, which enabled a more accurate assessment of biodiversity hotspots and respects the land uses of the Songnen Plain. In addition, the modeling framework successfully created maps of conservation gaps of biodiversity hotspots based on actual species distribution data and considers current land uses. Our study was aimed at optimizing the spatial conservation efficiency of the Songnen Plain by assessing the conservation gaps in the Songnen Plain. It could provide a reference for the future development of a PA system centering on national parks.
生物多样性的下降对自然生态系统构成了严重威胁，已成为全球最紧迫的环境问题之一。确定保护区的保护优先级是最直接有效的生物多样性保护措施之一。然而，由于保护区空间布局存在重叠保护范围、自然生态区域人为分割以及“过度保护”和“过度开发”等问题，导致出现了保护空白。为了优化保护区的空间布局并提高生物多样性保护效率，我们利用生态系统服务与权衡综合评估（InVEST）模型的栖息地质量模块和最大熵（MaxEnt）模型对中国松嫩平原的保护区进行了评估。联合模型（MaxEnt-InVEST）显示，松嫩平原保护区的保护优先级区域总面积为14764.14平方千米（占松嫩平原总面积的10.24%）。保护区外的保护优先级区域总面积为7858.45平方千米（占松嫩平原总面积的5.45%），主要分布在松嫩平原的东北部、中部和西南部地区。这表明现有保护区对当地生物多样性的保护并不充分。我们的联合建模框架的一致性为72.11%，能够更准确地评估生物多样性热点地区，并考虑了松嫩平原的土地利用情况。此外，该建模框架基于实际物种分布数据成功绘制了生物多样性热点地区的保护空白图，并考虑了当前的土地利用情况。我们的研究旨在通过评估松嫩平原的保护空白来优化其空间保护效率。它可为以国家公园为核心的保护区系统的未来发展提供参考。
