Heer Kiran, Kaur Manpreet, Sidhu Dwinder, Dey Priyankar, Raychaudhuri Saumya
Molecular Biology and Microbial Physiology Division, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India.
Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India.
Front Nutr. 2024 Oct 22;11:1452784. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1452784. eCollection 2024.
The differential effects of probiotic, prebiotic, and synbiotic formulations on human health are dictated by the inter-individual gut microbial profile. The effects of probiotics such as Nissle 1917 (ECN) on gut microbiota may vary according to the microbiome profiles of individuals and may be influenced by the presence of certain carbohydrates, which can impact microbial community structure and treatment results.
Processed fecal samples from donors having contrasting lifestyles, dietary patterns, and disease histories were mixed with 5 × 10 CFU/mL ECN with or without 1% (w/v) sugars (glucose, galactose, or rice starch) in a host-free system. Post-incubation, 16 s rRNA sequencing was performed. Microbial diversity and taxonomic abundance were computed in relation to the probiotic, prebiotic, and synbiotic treatment effects and interpersonal microbiome variance.
Baseline gut microbial profiles showed significant inter-individual variations. ECN treatment alone had a limited impact on the inter-personal gut microbial diversity and abundance. Prebiotics caused a substantial enrichment in Actinobacteria, but there were differences in the responses at the order and genus levels, with enrichment shown in , , and . Subject B exhibited enrichment in Proteobacteria and Cyanobacteria, but subject A showed more diversified taxonomic alterations as a consequence of the synbiotic treatments. Despite negligible difference in the -diversity, probiotic, prebiotic, and synbiotic treatments independently resulted in distinct segregation in microbial communities at the -diversity level. The core microbiota was altered only under prebiotic and synbiotic treatment. Significant correlations primarily for minor phyla were identified under prebiotic and synbiotic treatment.
The interindividual microbiome composition strongly influences the effectiveness of personalized diet and treatment plans. The responsiveness to dietary strategies varies according to individual microbiome profiles influenced by health, diet, and lifestyle. Therefore, tailored approaches that consider individual microbiome compositions are crucial for maximizing gut health and treatment results.
益生菌、益生元及合生元制剂对人类健康的不同影响取决于个体间的肠道微生物谱。诸如Nissle 1917（ECN）等益生菌对肠道微生物群的影响可能因个体的微生物组谱而异，并可能受到某些碳水化合物的存在的影响，这些碳水化合物会影响微生物群落结构和治疗效果。
在无宿主系统中，将来自生活方式、饮食模式和疾病史不同的供体的处理后的粪便样本与5×10 CFU/mL的ECN混合，添加或不添加1%（w/v）的糖类（葡萄糖、半乳糖或大米淀粉）。孵育后，进行16s rRNA测序。计算微生物多样性和分类丰度，以分析益生菌、益生元及合生元的治疗效果以及个体间微生物组差异。
基线肠道微生物谱显示个体间存在显著差异。单独使用ECN治疗对个体间肠道微生物多样性和丰度的影响有限。益生元导致放线菌大量富集，但在目和属水平上的反应存在差异，在、和中表现出富集。受试者B在变形菌门和蓝细菌门中表现出富集，但由于合生元治疗，受试者A表现出更多样化的分类学变化。尽管多样性差异可忽略不计，但益生菌、益生元及合生元治疗在多样性水平上独立导致微生物群落的明显分离。核心微生物群仅在益生元和合生元治疗下发生改变。在益生元和合生元治疗下，主要发现了与次要菌门的显著相关性。
个体间微生物组组成强烈影响个性化饮食和治疗计划的有效性。对饮食策略的反应性因受健康、饮食和生活方式影响的个体微生物组谱而异。因此，考虑个体微生物组组成的定制方法对于最大化肠道健康和治疗效果至关重要。
