Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Anschutz Health & Wellness Center at the University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
Physiol Behav. 2025 Jan 1;288:114730. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114730. Epub 2024 Nov 4.
Following short-term weight loss, the energetic cost of transport decreases and exercise efficiency increases. Whether changes persist during long-term weight maintenance is unknown.
We compared walking economy and exercise efficiency in weight loss maintainers (WLM, maintaining ≥13.6 kg weight loss for ≥1 year), controls without obesity (NC, BMI similar to current BMI of WLM), and controls with overweight/obesity (OC, BMI similar to pre-weight loss BMI of WLM). Energy expenditure (EE) and respiratory quotient were measured using indirect calorimetry at rest, while standing, and during treadmill walking. Gross and net energetic cost of transport (J/kg/m) was measured during level treadmill walking at 0.75, 1.12, and 1.52 m/s. Gross, net, and delta efficiency (%) were measured during inclined treadmill walking (2 %, 4 %, and 6 % grade) and a constant speed (1.12 m/s).
WLM (n = 32, BMI: 23.8 ± 2.3 kg/m) and NC (n = 28, BMI: 22.7 ± 1.6 kg/m) had significantly lower EE (kJ/min) compared to OC (n = 26, BMI: 33.0 ± 4.5 kg/m) during rest, standing, and walking (p < 0.01). Net energetic cost of transport was significantly lower in WLM compared to OC at 1.12 and 1.52 m/s (p < 0.05). Net efficiency was significantly greater in WLM compared to OC while walking (p ≤ 0.05). There were no significant differences between WLM and NC for any measures of economy or efficiency.
WLM had lower walking economy and greater walking efficiency compared to OC, but there were no differences between WLM and NC. Thus, individuals maintaining significant weight loss may be successful with long-term weight loss, in part, due to resistance against adaptive reductions in walking energetics.
短期体重减轻后，运动的能量消耗减少，运动效率提高。在长期保持体重期间，这些变化是否持续尚不清楚。
我们比较了体重维持者（WLM，维持体重减轻≥13.6kg 超过 1 年）、无肥胖对照组（NC，BMI 与 WLM 当前 BMI 相似）和超重/肥胖对照组（OC，BMI 与 WLM 减肥前 BMI 相似）在减肥后保持者的步行经济性和运动效率。使用间接测热法在休息、站立和跑步机步行时测量能量消耗（EE）和呼吸商。在水平跑步机上以 0.75、1.12 和 1.52m/s 的速度测量总能量和净能量运输成本（J/kg/m）。在倾斜跑步机上（2%、4%和 6%坡度）和恒定速度（1.12m/s）下测量总效率、净效率和效率变化（%）。
WLM（n=32，BMI：23.8±2.3kg/m）和 NC（n=28，BMI：22.7±1.6kg/m）的 EE（kJ/min）在休息、站立和步行时明显低于 OC（n=26，BMI：33.0±4.5kg/m）（p<0.01）。在 1.12 和 1.52m/s 时，WLM 的净能量运输成本明显低于 OC（p<0.05）。与 OC 相比，WLM 在步行时的净效率显著更高（p≤0.05）。WLM 与 NC 在任何经济性或效率指标方面均无差异。
与 OC 相比，WLM 的步行经济性较低，步行效率较高，但与 NC 无差异。因此，长期保持体重减轻的个体可能成功地长期保持体重减轻，部分原因是抵抗步行能量学的适应性降低。
