Update on antimicrobial resistance in Somalia: Current status, challenges, opportunities, and future perspectives.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a critical global health challenge, and Somalia is no exception. This update examines the current status of AMR in Somalia, highlighting the prevalent patterns of resistance, contributing factors, and significant health impacts. Despite limited surveillance data, evidence suggests rising resistance to key antibiotics, exacerbated by inadequate healthcare infrastructure, overuse of antimicrobials, and lack of regulatory oversight. The review identifies key challenges, including insufficient diagnostic capabilities, poor infection control practices, and a need for robust stewardship programs. Opportunities for addressing AMR in Somalia are discussed, including strengthening surveillance systems, improving healthcare access, and fostering international collaboration. Future perspectives emphasize the importance of integrating AMR strategies into broader health policies, enhancing public awareness, and investing in research to develop new treatments and prevention methods. Addressing these issues is crucial for mitigating the impact of AMR and improving health outcomes in Somalia.