Grafman J, Salazar A, Weingartner H, Vance S, Amin D
J Neurosci. 1986 Feb;6(2):301-7. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.06-02-00301.1986.
We examined the relationship of preinjury intelligence, a lesion-severity variable (brain-tissue loss volume), and lesion location to the persistence of cognitive deficits in Vietnam veterans with penetrating brain wounds. Using stepwise multiple linear regression procedures, we found that preinjury intelligence predicted a significant amount of the variance on postinjury cognitive testing, being a better predictor for tests requiring a number of complementary cognitive processes (e.g., intelligence tests) than for tests measuring a specific cognitive process (e.g., face recognition). Brain-tissue volume loss was found to play a larger role when a global cognitive measure was used, but a smaller role when a specific cognitive process was measured. Finally, lesion location was shown to be a significant predictor of performance only for specific cognitive processes. Nevertheless, preinjury intelligence/education appears to play an even larger role in postinjury performance than either brain-tissue loss volume or a particular structural loss.
我们研究了伤前智力、一个损伤严重程度变量（脑组织结构损失量）以及损伤位置与越战中脑部穿透伤退伍军人认知缺陷持续存在之间的关系。通过逐步多元线性回归程序，我们发现伤前智力能够预测伤后认知测试中相当一部分的方差，相较于测量特定认知过程的测试（如面部识别测试），它对于需要多种互补认知过程的测试（如智力测试）是更好的预测指标。当使用整体认知测量指标时，发现脑组织结构损失量起的作用更大，但在测量特定认知过程时作用较小。最后，仅对于特定认知过程而言，损伤位置才是表现的显著预测指标。然而，伤前智力/教育程度在伤后表现中似乎比脑组织损失量或特定结构损伤发挥的作用更大。
