Vaughn Stephanie N, Hopper Garrett W, González Irene Sánchez, Bucholz Jamie R, Garrick Ryan C, Lozier Jeffrey D, Johnson Paul D, Atkinson Carla L, Jackson Colin R
Department of Biology, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, United States.
School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University and Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, United States.
ISME Commun. 2024 Oct 23;4(1):ycae125. doi: 10.1093/ismeco/ycae125. eCollection 2024 Jan.
The gut microbiome is influenced by host species and the environment, but how the environment influences the microbiome of animals introduced into a new ecosystem has rarely been investigated. Freshwater mussels are aquatic fauna, with some threatened or endangered species propagated in hatcheries and introduced into natural systems as part of conservation efforts. The effects of the environment on the freshwater mussel gut microbiome were assessed for two hatchery-propagated species (, ) introduced into rivers within their natural range. Mussels were placed in rivers for 8 weeks, after which one subset was collected, another subset remained in that river, and a third subset was reciprocally transplanted to another river in the same river basin for a further 8 weeks. Gut microbiome composition and diversity were characterized for all mussels. After the initial 8 weeks, mussels showed increased gut bacterial species richness and distinct community composition compared to hatchery mussels, but gut microbiome diversity then decreased for mussels that remained in the same river for all 16 weeks. The gut bacterial community of mussels transplanted between rivers shifted to resemble that of mussels placed initially into the recipient river and that remained there for the whole study. All mussels showed high proportions of in their gut microbiome after 8 weeks, suggesting an essential role of this phylum in the gut of species. These findings show that the mussel gut microbiome shifts in response to new environments and provide insights into conservation strategies that involve species reintroductions.
肠道微生物群受宿主物种和环境的影响，但环境如何影响引入新生态系统的动物的微生物群却鲜有研究。淡水贻贝是水生动物，一些受威胁或濒危物种在孵化场繁殖，并作为保护工作的一部分引入自然系统。对引入其自然分布范围内河流的两种孵化场繁殖的物种（，）评估了环境对淡水贻贝肠道微生物群的影响。将贻贝放置在河流中8周，之后收集其中一个子集，另一个子集留在该河流中，第三个子集相互移植到同一流域的另一条河流中再放置8周。对所有贻贝的肠道微生物群组成和多样性进行了表征。在最初的8周后，与孵化场的贻贝相比，贻贝的肠道细菌物种丰富度增加，群落组成不同，但在同一条河流中放置16周的贻贝的肠道微生物群多样性随后下降。在河流之间移植的贻贝的肠道细菌群落转变为与最初放置在接受河流中并在整个研究期间留在那里的贻贝相似。8周后，所有贻贝的肠道微生物群中都显示出高比例的，这表明该门在物种的肠道中起着重要作用。这些发现表明，贻贝肠道微生物群会因新环境而发生变化，并为涉及物种重新引入的保护策略提供了见解。
