Chiarello Marlène, Bucholz Jamie R, McCauley Mark, Vaughn Stephanie N, Hopper Garrett W, Sánchez González Irene, Atkinson Carla L, Lozier Jeffrey D, Jackson Colin R
Department of Biology, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, United States.
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, United States.
Front Microbiol. 2022 Apr 4;13:800061. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.800061. eCollection 2022.
The Asian clam (Family: Cyneridae) has aggressively invaded freshwater habitats worldwide, resulting in dramatic ecological changes and declines of native bivalves such as freshwater mussels (Family: Unionidae), one of the most imperiled faunal groups. Despite increases in our knowledge of invasive biology, little is known of how intrinsic and extrinsic factors, including co-occurring native species, influence its microbiome. We investigated the gut bacterial microbiome across genetically differentiated populations of in the Tennessee and Mobile River Basins in the Southeastern United States and compared them to those of six co-occurring species of native freshwater mussels. The gut microbiome of was diverse, differed with environmental conditions and varied spatially among rivers, but was unrelated to host genetic variation. Microbial source tracking suggested that the gut microbiome of may be influenced by the presence of co-occurring native mussels. Inferred functions from 16S rRNA gene data using PICRUST2 predicted a high prevalence and diversity of degradation functions in the microbiome, especially the degradation of carbohydrates and aromatic compounds. Such modularity and functional diversity of the microbiome of may be an asset, allowing to acclimate to an extensive range of nutritional sources in invaded habitats, which could play a vital role in its invasive success.
亚洲蛤蜊（科：蚬科）已大肆入侵全球淡水栖息地，导致生态环境发生巨大变化，本土双壳贝类数量减少，比如淡水贻贝（科：珠蚌科），这是最濒危的动物类群之一。尽管我们对入侵生物学的了解有所增加，但对于包括共生本土物种在内的内在和外在因素如何影响其微生物组却知之甚少。我们调查了美国东南部田纳西河流域和莫比尔河流域遗传分化种群中的亚洲蛤蜊肠道细菌微生物组，并将其与六种共生本土淡水贻贝的微生物组进行了比较。亚洲蛤蜊的肠道微生物组种类多样，因环境条件而异，且在不同河流之间存在空间差异，但与宿主遗传变异无关。微生物源追踪表明，亚洲蛤蜊的肠道微生物组可能受到共生本土贻贝的影响。使用PICRUST2从16S rRNA基因数据推断的功能预测，亚洲蛤蜊微生物组中降解功能的发生率和多样性很高，尤其是碳水化合物和芳香化合物的降解。亚洲蛤蜊微生物组的这种模块化和功能多样性可能是一种优势，使其能够适应入侵栖息地中广泛的营养来源，这可能对其入侵成功起到至关重要的作用。
