School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea.
Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 0AW, UK.
J Cell Sci. 2024 Nov 1;137(21). doi: 10.1242/jcs.263413. Epub 2024 Nov 7.
Inflammation plays a crucial role in tissue injury, repair and disease, orchestrating a complex interplay of immune responses and cellular processes. Recent studies have uncovered the intricate connection between inflammation and stem cell dynamics, shedding light on the central role of stem cells in tissue regeneration. This Review highlights the significance of inflammation in shaping epithelial stem cell dynamics and its implications for tissue repair, regeneration and aging. We explore the multifaceted interactions between inflammation and stem cells, focusing on how inflammatory signals affect stem cell behavior and fate as well as the remodeling of their niche in the respiratory tract. We also discuss the concept of 'inflammatory memory' in epithelial stem cells, where prior inflammatory stimuli endow these cells with enhanced regenerative potential and confer long-lasting protective mechanisms for maintaining tissue integrity and function. Furthermore, we review the impact of cell senescence induced by inflammation on tissue regeneration and aging, delving into the molecular mechanisms underlying the modulation of signaling pathways, epigenetic modifications and cellular crosstalk. Understanding these dynamic processes not only deepens our knowledge of tissue homeostasis and repair but also holds profound implications for regenerative medicine strategies aimed at preventing pulmonary diseases.
炎症在组织损伤、修复和疾病中起着至关重要的作用，协调着免疫反应和细胞过程的复杂相互作用。最近的研究揭示了炎症与干细胞动态之间的复杂联系，阐明了干细胞在组织再生中的核心作用。本综述强调了炎症在塑造上皮干细胞动态及其对组织修复、再生和衰老的影响方面的重要性。我们探讨了炎症与干细胞之间的多方面相互作用，重点关注炎症信号如何影响干细胞的行为和命运，以及它们在呼吸道中的生态位重塑。我们还讨论了上皮干细胞中的“炎症记忆”概念，即先前的炎症刺激赋予这些细胞更强的再生潜力，并为维持组织完整性和功能提供持久的保护机制。此外，我们综述了炎症诱导的细胞衰老对组织再生和衰老的影响，深入探讨了调节信号通路、表观遗传修饰和细胞串扰的分子机制。了解这些动态过程不仅加深了我们对组织稳态和修复的理解，而且对旨在预防肺部疾病的再生医学策略具有深远的意义。
