Bescos Raul, Gallardo-Alfaro Laura, Ashor Ammar, Rizzolo-Brime Lucia, Siervo Mario, Casas-Agustench Patricia
School of Health Professions, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, PL4 6AB, United Kingdom.
Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain; RICAPPS- Red de Investigación Cooperativa de Atención Primaria y Promoción de la Salud - Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.
Free Radic Biol Med. 2025 Jan;226:70-83. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.11.010. Epub 2024 Nov 8.
In this study, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine plasma and salivary nitrate (NO) and nitrite (NO) concentrations under resting and fasting conditions in different type of individuals and their association with blood pressure levels. A total of 77 studies, involving 1918 individuals aged 19-74 years (males = 906; females = 1012), which measured plasma and/or salivary NO and NO using the chemiluminescence technique, were included. Mean plasma NO and NO concentrations were 33.9 μmol/L and 158.3 nmol/L, respectively. Subgroup analyses revealed lower plasma NO and NO concentrations in individuals with cardiometabolic risk (NO: 21.2 μmol/L; 95 % CI, 13.4-29.0; NO: 122.8 nmol/L; 95 % CI, 75.3-138.9) compared to healthy (NO: 33.9 μmol/L; 95 % CI, 29.9-37.9; NO: 159.5 nmol/L; 95 % CI, 131.8-187.1; P < 0.01) and trained individuals (NO: 43.0 μmol/L; 95 % CI, 13.2-72.9; NO: 199.3 nmol/L; 95 % CI, 117.6-281; P < 0.01). Mean salivary NO and NO concentrations were 546.2 μmol/L and 197.8 μmol/L, respectively. Salivary NO, but no NO, concentrations were higher in individuals with cardiometabolic risk (680.0 μmol/L; 95 % CI, 510.2-849.8; P = 0.001) compared to healthy individuals (535.9 μmol/L; 95 % CI, 384.2-687.6). A significant positive association (coefficient, 15.4 [95 % CI, 0.255 to 30.5], P = 0.046) was observed between salivary NO and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). These findings suggest that the health status is positively associated with plasma NO and NO concentrations, but the circulatory levels of these anions are not associated with blood pressure. Only salivary NO showed a significant positive association with DBP.
在本研究中，我们进行了一项系统评价和荟萃分析，以确定不同类型个体在静息和禁食条件下的血浆和唾液中硝酸盐（NO）和亚硝酸盐（NO₂）浓度，以及它们与血压水平的关联。总共纳入了77项研究，涉及1918名年龄在19至74岁之间的个体（男性 = 906名；女性 = 1012名），这些研究使用化学发光技术测量了血浆和/或唾液中的NO和NO₂。血浆中NO和NO₂的平均浓度分别为33.9 μmol/L和158.3 nmol/L。亚组分析显示，与健康个体（NO：33.9 μmol/L；95% CI，29.9 - 37.9；NO₂：159.5 nmol/L；95% CI，131.8 - 187.1；P < 0.01）和受过训练的个体（NO：43.0 μmol/L；95% CI，13.2 - 72.9；NO₂：199.3 nmol/L；95% CI，117.6 - 281；P < 0.01）相比，有心血管代谢风险的个体血浆中NO和NO₂浓度较低（NO：21.2 μmol/L；95% CI，13.4 - 29.0；NO₂：122.8 nmol/L；95% CI，75.3 - 138.9）。唾液中NO和NO₂的平均浓度分别为546.2 μmol/L和197.8 μmol/L。与健康个体（535.9 μmol/L；95% CI，384.2 - 687.6）相比，有心血管代谢风险的个体唾液中NO浓度较高（680.0 μmol/L；95% CI，510.2 - 849.8；P = 0.001），但NO₂浓度无差异。唾液中NO与舒张压（DBP）之间存在显著正相关（系数，15.4 [95% CI，0.255至30.5]，P = 0.046）。这些发现表明，健康状况与血浆中NO和NO₂浓度呈正相关，但这些阴离子的循环水平与血压无关。只有唾液中NO与DBP显示出显著正相关。
