Abughazal Mahmoud, Dini Abdelsalam, Aljanabi Mustafa, Al-Banna Mohammed, Abouelkheir Moustafa
Emergency Medicine, United Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Boston, GBR.
Emergency Department, Pilgrim Hospital, Boston, GBR.
Cureus. 2024 Oct 8;16(10):e71115. doi: 10.7759/cureus.71115. eCollection 2024 Oct.
This article explores the challenges in diagnosing dysphagia aortica through the case of an 89-year-old man with a medical history of hypertension, ischemic heart disease, and chronic kidney disease. Over a three-month period, the patient experienced progressively worsening dysphagia and indigestion. On the day of presentation, his condition further deteriorated, marked by hypotension. Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) identified a large infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) measuring 13 cm, which was later confirmed by CT to involve dissection and a contained rupture. This case highlights the rare presentation of dysphagia secondary to an infrarenal AAA, known as dysphagia aortica, emphasizing the importance of considering AAAs in elderly patients with vague gastrointestinal symptoms. Despite prompt diagnosis and referral for vascular surgery, the patient's prognosis was poor due to advanced age, frailty, and multiple comorbidities. Unfortunately, he passed away a few hours after presenting to the emergency department. This article underscores the critical role of imaging modalities such as POCUS and CT in identifying life-threatening conditions like AAAs, and it advocates for a comprehensive differential diagnosis in older adults while also serving as a reminder of the atypical presentations of AAAs.
本文通过一名89岁男性患者的病例探讨了诊断主动脉性吞咽困难的挑战,该患者有高血压、缺血性心脏病和慢性肾脏病病史。在三个月的时间里,患者吞咽困难和消化不良症状逐渐加重。就诊当天,他的病情进一步恶化,表现为低血压。床旁超声(POCUS)发现一个13厘米的巨大肾下腹主动脉瘤(AAA),随后CT证实该动脉瘤合并夹层和局限性破裂。该病例突出了肾下AAA继发的罕见吞咽困难表现,即主动脉性吞咽困难,强调了在有模糊胃肠道症状的老年患者中考虑AAA的重要性。尽管及时诊断并转诊至血管外科,但由于患者高龄、身体虚弱和多种合并症,预后较差。不幸的是,他在就诊于急诊科数小时后去世。本文强调了POCUS和CT等成像方式在识别AAA等危及生命情况中的关键作用,并提倡对老年人进行全面的鉴别诊断,同时也提醒人们注意AAA的非典型表现。