Stallman Jeffery K, Haelewaters Danny, Koch Bach Rachel A, Brann Mia, Fatemi Samira, Gomez-Zapata Paula, Husbands Dillon R, Jumbam Blaise, Kaishian Patricia J, Moffitt Ariana, Catherine Aime M
Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47901, USA.
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA.
IMA Fungus. 2024 Nov 11;15(1):35. doi: 10.1186/s43008-024-00166-5.
Fungi are arguably the most diverse eukaryotic kingdom of organisms in terms of number of estimated species, trophic and life history strategies, and their functions in ecosystems. However, our knowledge of fungi is limited due to a distributional bias; the vast majority of available data on fungi have been compiled from non-tropical regions. Far less is known about fungi from tropical regions, with the bulk of these data being temporally limited surveys for fungal species diversity. Long-term studies (LTS), or repeated sampling from the same region over extended periods, are necessary to fully capture the extent of species diversity in a region, but LTS of fungi from tropical regions are almost non-existent. In this paper, we discuss the contributions of LTS of fungi in tropical regions to alpha diversity, ecological and functional diversity, biogeography, hypothesis testing, and conservation-with an emphasis on an ongoing tropical LTS in the Pakaraima Mountains of Guyana. We show how these contributions refine our understanding of Fungi. We also show that public data repositories such as NCBI, IUCN, and iNaturalist contain less information on tropical fungi compared to non-tropical fungi, and that these discrepancies are more pronounced in fungi than in plants and animals.
就估计的物种数量、营养和生活史策略及其在生态系统中的功能而言，真菌可以说是生物界中最多样化的真核生物王国。然而，由于分布偏差，我们对真菌的了解有限；绝大多数关于真菌的现有数据是从非热带地区收集的。对于热带地区的真菌，我们所知甚少，这些数据大多是关于真菌物种多样性的时间有限的调查。长期研究（LTS），即对同一地区进行长时间的重复采样，对于全面了解一个地区的物种多样性程度是必要的，但几乎不存在对热带地区真菌的长期研究。在本文中，我们讨论了热带地区真菌长期研究对α多样性、生态和功能多样性、生物地理学、假设检验及保护的贡献——重点介绍了圭亚那帕卡赖马山脉正在进行的热带长期研究。我们展示了这些贡献如何完善我们对真菌的理解。我们还表明，与非热带真菌相比，诸如NCBI、IUCN和iNaturalist等公共数据存储库中关于热带真菌的信息较少，而且这些差异在真菌中比在植物和动物中更为明显。
