Shi Xiaoye, Jiang Aimin, Qiu Zhengang, Lin Anqi, Liu Zaoqu, Zhu Lingxuan, Mou Weiming, Cheng Quan, Zhang Jian, Miao Kai, Luo Peng
Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, China.
The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
Front Med. 2024 Dec;18(6):945-968. doi: 10.1007/s11684-024-1094-2. Epub 2024 Nov 14.
Existing epidemiologic and clinical studies have demonstrated that obesity is associated with the risk of a variety of cancers. In recent years, an increasing number of experimental and clinical studies have unraveled the complex relationship between obesity and cancer risk and the underlying mechanisms. Obesity-induced abnormalities in immunity and biochemical metabolism, including chronic inflammation, hormonal disorders, dysregulation of adipokines, and microbial dysbiosis, may be important contributors to cancer development and progression. These contributors play different roles in cancer development and progression at different sites. Lifestyle changes, weight loss medications, and bariatric surgery are key approaches for weight-centered, obesity-related cancer prevention. Treatment of obesity-related inflammation and hormonal or metabolic dysregulation with medications has also shown promise in preventing obesity-related cancers. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms through which obesity affects the risk of cancer at different sites and explore intervention strategies for the prevention of obesity-associated cancers, concluding with unresolved questions and future directions regarding the link between obesity and cancer. The aim is to provide valuable theoretical foundations and insights for the in-depth exploration of the complex relationship between obesity and cancer risk and its clinical applications.
现有流行病学和临床研究表明，肥胖与多种癌症风险相关。近年来，越来越多的实验和临床研究揭示了肥胖与癌症风险之间的复杂关系及其潜在机制。肥胖引起的免疫和生化代谢异常，包括慢性炎症、激素紊乱、脂肪因子失调和微生物群落失调，可能是癌症发生和发展的重要因素。这些因素在不同部位的癌症发生和发展中发挥着不同作用。生活方式改变、减肥药物和减肥手术是以体重为中心的肥胖相关癌症预防的关键方法。用药物治疗肥胖相关炎症以及激素或代谢失调在预防肥胖相关癌症方面也显示出前景。在本综述中，我们总结了肥胖影响不同部位癌症风险的机制，并探索预防肥胖相关癌症的干预策略，最后提出关于肥胖与癌症之间联系的未解决问题和未来方向。目的是为深入探索肥胖与癌症风险之间的复杂关系及其临床应用提供有价值的理论基础和见解。
