Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 1449614535, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Lipids Health Dis. 2024 Nov 14;23(1):376. doi: 10.1186/s12944-024-02368-7.
Pancreatic neoplasm, a highly aggressive and often fatal cancer, poses challenges due to late detection and nonspecific symptoms. Therefore, both early diagnosis and appropriate therapeutic approaches are necessary to augment the condition of these patients. Cancer cells undergo metabolic deregulation, which enables their proliferation, survival, and invasion. As a result, it is crucial to focus on the metabolic pathways in prevalent cancers and explore treatment strategies that target these pathways to control tumor growth effectively. This is particularly relevant in cancers like pancreatic cancer, which undergo numerous metabolic alterations. The ketogenic regimen, characterized by low carbohydrate and protein contents and high-fat sources, does not involve caloric restriction. This allows for the induction of ketogenesis and an increase in ketone bodies, while insulin and glucose levels remain low even after meals. This unique metabolic state may influence the tumor microenvironment. Given the lack of unanimous agreement on the precise role and mechanism of the ketogenic diet, this review aims to clarify the diagnostic value and accuracy of ketone bodies in various types of pancreatic tumors and explore the potential anti-cancer effects of the ketogenic diet when used alone or in conjunction with chemotherapy, also to determine the potential of the ketogenic diet to be used as adjuvant therapy. The outcomes of this study are instrumental in enhancing our understanding of the benefits and drawbacks associated with employing this diet for the management and diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.
胰腺肿瘤是一种高度侵袭性且常常致命的癌症，由于其晚期发现和非特异性症状而带来挑战。因此，早期诊断和适当的治疗方法对于改善这些患者的病情都是必要的。癌细胞经历代谢失调，使其能够增殖、存活和侵袭。因此，专注于常见癌症中的代谢途径并探索针对这些途径的治疗策略以有效控制肿瘤生长至关重要。在经历多种代谢改变的胰腺癌等癌症中尤其如此。生酮饮食方案的特点是低碳水化合物和蛋白质含量以及高脂肪来源，不涉及热量限制。这允许诱导酮生成并增加酮体，同时即使在进食后胰岛素和葡萄糖水平仍保持较低水平。这种独特的代谢状态可能会影响肿瘤微环境。鉴于对生酮饮食的确切作用和机制缺乏一致的共识，本综述旨在阐明酮体在各种类型胰腺肿瘤中的诊断价值和准确性，并探讨生酮饮食单独或与化疗联合使用时的潜在抗癌作用，还确定生酮饮食作为辅助治疗的潜力。本研究的结果对于增强我们对这种饮食用于管理和诊断胰腺癌的益处和缺点的理解至关重要。
