Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.
BMC Geriatr. 2024 Nov 16;24(1):955. doi: 10.1186/s12877-024-05515-y.
Adverse drug reactions are more prevalent in geriatric patients and are frequently associated with a range of polypharmacy-related issues as well as some physiological aging-related alterations. These affect the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of drugs. This study aimed to assess the magnitude of ADRs and their contributing factors among geriatric patients admitted at Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals of the Amhara Region.
A multicenter prospective cohort study was carried out from May 2023 to August 2023 on geriatric patients admitted to four randomly selected comprehensive hospitals in the Amhara region. We used logistic regression to find the factors influencing the occurrence of ADRs. A P value of less than 0.05 was deemed statistically significant.
During the study's follow-up period, 373 patients in total were included. An incidence rate of 31.10% (95% CI: 26.38-35.82) was obtained from the identification of 121 ADRs in total. The organ most frequently affected by ADRs was the gastrointestinal tract (28.92%), followed by the cardiovascular system (19.01%), and the drug class most often implicated in ADRs was antibiotics (21.49%), then anticoagulants (12.40%). ADRs were substantially linked to being overweight (P < 0.001), having been hospitalized in the previous six months (P = 0.000), and hyperpolypharmacy (p = 0.047). 93.39% of all ADRs received the interventions. 85.12% of the adverse drug reactions were successfully resolved.
This study found that over one-third of older people and individuals admitted to the hospital experienced ADRs. Overweight, hyperpolypharmacy, and patients who had previously been admitted during the preceding six months were significantly linked with the occurrence of ADRs. Improving the drug safety of elderly patients, particularly those who are admitted, should be a greater priority for healthcare professionals.
药物不良反应在老年患者中更为常见，并且经常与一系列与多种药物相关的问题以及一些与生理衰老相关的改变有关。这些会影响药物的药代动力学和药效学特性。本研究旨在评估在阿姆哈拉地区综合专科医院住院的老年患者中药物不良反应的严重程度及其相关因素。
2023 年 5 月至 2023 年 8 月，对随机选择的阿姆哈拉地区的 4 家综合医院住院的老年患者进行了一项多中心前瞻性队列研究。我们使用逻辑回归来发现影响药物不良反应发生的因素。P 值小于 0.05 被认为具有统计学意义。
在研究的随访期间，总共纳入了 373 名患者。总共发现了 121 种药物不良反应，总发生率为 31.10%（95%置信区间：26.38-35.82）。受药物不良反应影响最严重的器官是胃肠道（28.92%），其次是心血管系统（19.01%），药物不良反应最常见的药物类别是抗生素（21.49%），其次是抗凝剂（12.40%）。药物不良反应与超重（P < 0.001）、过去六个月内住院（P = 0.000）和高多种药物治疗（p = 0.047）密切相关。所有药物不良反应中，有 93.39%接受了干预措施。所有药物不良反应中有 85.12%得到了成功解决。
本研究发现，超过三分之一的老年人和住院患者发生了药物不良反应。超重、高多种药物治疗以及过去六个月内住院的患者与药物不良反应的发生显著相关。提高老年患者，特别是住院患者的药物安全性，应该成为医疗保健专业人员的更高优先级事项。
