Kramer Axel, Borg Dahl Mathilde, Bengtsson Mia M, Boyce John M, Heckmann Matthias, Meister Mareike, Papke Roald, Pittet Didier, Reinhard Anne, Slevogt Hortense, Wang Haitao, Zwicker Paula, Urich Tim, Seifert Ulrike
Institute of Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; Section Antiseptic Stewardship of the German Society of Hospital Hygiene e. V., Berlin, Germany.
Institute of Microbiology, Bacterial Physiology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
Am J Infect Control. 2025 Apr;53(4):426-433. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2024.11.006. Epub 2024 Nov 15.
The importance of ethanol-based hand rubs (EBHRs) to prevent health care-associated infections is undisputed. However, there is a lack of meaningful data regarding the influence of EBHRs on skin microbiome.
Four nurses in a neonatal intensive care unit were included. After a leave of 14 days, samples were taken before the first hand rubbing action and at the end of shift, with continued sampling on days 1, 7, and 28. To analyze the hand microbiome, microbial cells were collected using the glove-juice technique. Pro- and eukaryotic community profiles were created using amplicon sequencing of 16S and 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene markers.
On average, hand antisepsis was performed 108 times per 8-hour work shift. Microbial communities were dominated by typical taxa found on human skin. In addition, a clear nurse-specific (ie, individual) microbiome signature could be observed. For Prokaryota, daily exposure led to the end-of-the-day microbiomes being more similar to each other across nurses. In contrast, longitudinal effect of 28-day application revealed more similarity of the Eukaryotic community.
Frequent occupational use of EBHR did not adversely affect the composition of the human hand microbiome. Thus, daily hand antisepsis retains its significance as the most important procedure for infection control.
酒精基手部消毒剂（EBHRs）对预防医疗保健相关感染的重要性是无可争议的。然而，关于EBHRs对皮肤微生物群影响的有意义的数据却很缺乏。
纳入了新生儿重症监护病房的四名护士。在休假14天后，在第一次手部消毒前和轮班结束时采集样本，并在第1天、第7天和第28天继续采样。为了分析手部微生物群，使用手套汁液技术收集微生物细胞。使用16S和18S核糖体RNA（rRNA）基因标记的扩增子测序创建原核生物和真核生物群落图谱。
平均而言，每8小时工作班次进行108次手部消毒。微生物群落以人类皮肤上发现的典型分类群为主。此外，可以观察到明显的护士特异性（即个体）微生物群特征。对于原核生物，每日接触导致护士之间下班后的微生物群彼此更相似。相比之下，28天应用的纵向效应显示真核生物群落更相似。
频繁职业使用EBHR不会对人类手部微生物群的组成产生不利影响。因此，日常手部消毒作为感染控制的最重要程序仍然具有重要意义。
