埃塞俄比亚西北部5至12岁乙肝表面抗原阴性的接种疫苗个体中乙肝核心抗原抗体血清阳性情况

Seropositivity of antibody to hepatitis B core antigen among hepatitis B surface antigen-negative vaccinated individuals aged 5-12 years in North West Ethiopia.

作者信息

Adugna Adane, Sinamaw Deresse, Baylie Temesgen, Getinet Mamaru, Haimanot Aysheshim Belaineh, Amare Gashaw Azanaw, Belew Habtamu, Hibstu Zigale, Abebaw Desalegn, Fenta Abebe, Getinet Muluken, Abiy Dagmawi, Ashagre Agenagnew, Jemal Mohammed

机构信息

Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.

Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.

出版信息

Heliyon. 2024 Nov 2;10(21):e40107. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e40107. eCollection 2024 Nov 15.

DOI:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e40107

PMID:39553602

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11565450/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Infection with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) is still a major global public health concern, especially in Ethiopia. Evidence suggests that some children in Ethiopia who have received hepatitis B vaccinations are still contracting HBV.

OBJECTIVE

The main aim of this study was to detect antibodies to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) among vaccinated hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-negative individuals in North-West Ethiopia.

METHODS AND MATERIALS

A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 158 children aged 5-12 years from April 2021 to November 2021. A simple random sampling technique was used to recruit study participants. After 3-5 ml of venous blood was drawn from each study participant, a serum sample was utilized to determine hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and anti-hepatitis B core antibodies (anti-HBc) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Logistic regression with a 95 % CI was used to show the statistical association.

RESULTS

The total seropositivity of anti-HBc among vaccinated HBsAg-negative participants was 8/158 (5.1 %) (95 % CI: 2.0-9.0). Multivariable logistic regression revealed that children who had a previous history of blood transfusion were six times (AOR: 6.135, 95 % CI: 4.063, 10.752) (P < 0.006) more likely to develop anti-HBc. Moreover, children who had a previous history of surgery were five times (AOR: 5.116, 95 % CI: 3.123, 8.718) (P < 0.002) more likely to become anti-HBc seropositive.

CONCLUSION

There was a significant seroprevalence of anti-HBc in our study area, suggesting possible exposure to the virus despite immunization.

摘要

背景

乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染仍然是全球主要的公共卫生问题，在埃塞俄比亚尤为如此。有证据表明，埃塞俄比亚一些接种过乙型肝炎疫苗的儿童仍感染HBV。

目的

本研究的主要目的是在埃塞俄比亚西北部接种乙型肝炎疫苗且乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）阴性的个体中检测乙型肝炎核心抗体（抗-HBc）。

方法和材料

2021年4月至2021年11月，对158名5至12岁儿童进行了一项基于社区的横断面研究。采用简单随机抽样技术招募研究参与者。从每位研究参与者抽取3 - 5毫升静脉血后，利用血清样本通过酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）法检测乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）和抗乙型肝炎核心抗体（抗-HBc）。采用95%置信区间的逻辑回归来显示统计关联。

结果

接种疫苗且HBsAg阴性参与者中抗-HBc的总血清阳性率为8/158（5.1%）（95%置信区间：2.0 - 9.0）。多变量逻辑回归显示，有输血史的儿童产生抗-HBc的可能性高6倍（比值比：6.135，95%置信区间：4.063，10.752）（P < 0.006）。此外，有手术史的儿童抗-HBc血清阳性的可能性高5倍（比值比：5.116，95%置信区间：3.123，8.718）（P < 0.002）。