Cho Jung-Ah, Jeon Sangsoo, Kwon Youngmin, Roh Yoo Jin, Shin Sukjin, Lee Chang-Hun, Kim Sung Jae
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Dongtan Sacred Hospital, Hallym University, Hwaseong, Republic of Korea.
College of Transdisciplinary Studies, School of Undergraduate Studies, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
Biofilm. 2024 Oct 24;8:100232. doi: 10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100232. eCollection 2024 Dec.
Bacterial biofilm is resistant to conventional antibiotic treatments, leading to complications associated with many infection-related human diseases. Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG), a phenolic catechin enriched in green tea, is recognized for its anti-bacterial and anti-biofilm activities. In this study, we examined the protein components of the biofilms formed in the absence or presence of EGCG using and which had shown opposing patterns in biofilm formation. A clustering heatmap revealed that the two microorganisms expressed the different protein sets in response to EGCG. Proteins that were noticeably upregulated included those associated with stress responsiveness and gluconeogenesis in , and gene modification in . Conversely, downregulated proteins were related to tRNA-modifying enzyme activity in , and anabolic metabolism in . Among the proteins identified only in EGCG-responsive biofilms, enzymes involved in de novo purine biosynthesis were enriched in , while proteins likely to cause DNA instability and pathogenicity changes were abundantly present in . The classification based on gene ontology (GO) terms by microorganism exhibited that metabolic process or catabolic activity was at the top rank in with more than 33 proteins, and in , localization or transport was highly ranked with 4 proteins. These results support the hypothesis that EGCG might cause different cellular programs in each microorganism. Finally, comparison of the proteomes between two groups that form biofilms to similar extents discovered that 2 proteins were commonly found in the weak biofilm-forming groups ( and EGCG-responding ), whereas 9 proteins were common among the strong biofilm-forming groups ( and EGCG-responding ). It was suggested that these proteins could serve as potential indicators to detect the presence and predict the extent of biofilm formation by multiple microorganisms. Taken all together, proteomics data and analyses performed in this study provided useful and new information on the proteins embedded in the biofilms formed at the specific conditions, which can aid in diagnosis and the development of tailored treatment strategies.
细菌生物膜对传统抗生素治疗具有抗性，导致许多与人类感染相关疾病的并发症。表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯（EGCG）是绿茶中富含的一种酚类儿茶素，因其抗菌和抗生物膜活性而闻名。在本研究中，我们使用在生物膜形成中表现出相反模式的[具体微生物1]和[具体微生物2]，研究了在有无EGCG的情况下形成的生物膜的蛋白质成分。聚类热图显示，这两种微生物对EGCG的反应表达了不同的蛋白质组。显著上调的蛋白质包括与[具体微生物1]中的应激反应和糖异生相关的蛋白质，以及[具体微生物2]中的基因修饰相关蛋白质。相反，下调的蛋白质与[具体微生物1]中的tRNA修饰酶活性以及[具体微生物2]中的合成代谢有关。在仅在EGCG反应性生物膜中鉴定出的蛋白质中，参与嘌呤从头生物合成的酶在[具体微生物1]中富集，而可能导致DNA不稳定和致病性变化的蛋白质在[具体微生物2]中大量存在。按微生物的基因本体（GO）术语分类显示，代谢过程或分解代谢活性在[具体微生物1]中排名第一，有超过33种蛋白质，而在[具体微生物2]中，定位或运输以4种蛋白质排名靠前。这些结果支持了EGCG可能在每种微生物中引起不同细胞程序的假设。最后，对形成生物膜程度相似的两组蛋白质组进行比较发现，在弱生物膜形成组（[具体微生物1]和EGCG反应性[具体微生物1]）中共同发现了2种蛋白质，而在强生物膜形成组（[具体微生物2]和EGCG反应性[具体微生物2]）中共有9种蛋白质。有人认为这些蛋白质可作为潜在指标，用于检测多种微生物生物膜的存在并预测其形成程度。综上所述，本研究进行的蛋白质组学数据和分析提供了关于在特定条件下形成的生物膜中所含蛋白质的有用新信息，这有助于诊断和制定量身定制的治疗策略。
