Zhang Xiuhong, Gong Han, Chen Ping, Wang Jiajia, Chen Zhao, Chang Zhiqiang, Li Jitao
State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.
Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China.
Aquac Nutr. 2024 May 13;2024:5539701. doi: 10.1155/2024/5539701. eCollection 2024.
Tannin (TA), as a natural phenolic compound with strong antioxidant activity, has been used as a feed additive for various animals. In this study, we fed a diet containing 800 mg/kg of tannin on for 56 days and then subjected to acute ammonia stress for 48 hr to investigate the effect of dietary tannin on the ammonia stress response of through transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis. The transcriptome analysis indicated that ammonia stress-induced differential expression of 4,185 genes, while tannin-fed shrimp only had 964 differentially expressed genes. Compared with the TA_0 group, 59 pathways were significantly altered, and the pathways of "starch and sucrose metabolism," "retinol metabolism," "arachidonic acid metabolism," "lysosome," and "amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism" were highly enriched in the TS_0 group. Compared with the TS_0 group, six pathways were significantly altered, and the pathways of "dilated cardiomyopathy," "complement and coagulation cascades," "cardiac muscle contraction," "fructose and mannose metabolism," "cGMP-PKG signaling pathway," and "beta-alanine metabolism" were significantly enriched in the TS_800 group. Metabolomic analysis showed that a total of 107 differential metabolites (DMs) were identified in the TS_0 vs. TA_0 group, while 75 DMs were identified in the TS_800 vs. TS_0 group. Based on KEGG annotation, it was found that a large amount of DM was significantly enriched in amino acid metabolism pathways in the TS_0 group, including "arginine and proline metabolism," "alanine, aspartic acid, and glutamic acid metabolism," "-Alanine metabolism and tyrosine metabolism" indicated that tannins affect the metabolism of amino acids. The integration of DEGs and DMs indicates that dietary tannins highly alter the digestion and absorption functions of proteins, as well as the biosynthesis and metabolism of amino acids. This study provides new insights into the adaptation of Pacific white shrimp to ammonia stress and the addition of tannins to feed to enhance immune function.
单宁（TA）作为一种具有强抗氧化活性的天然酚类化合物，已被用作各种动物的饲料添加剂。在本研究中，我们用含800mg/kg单宁的饲料喂养凡纳滨对虾56天，然后进行48小时的急性氨应激，通过转录组学和代谢组学分析来研究饲料单宁对凡纳滨对虾氨应激反应的影响。转录组分析表明，氨应激诱导4185个基因差异表达，而饲喂单宁的凡纳滨对虾只有964个差异表达基因。与TA_0组相比，有59条通路发生显著改变，“淀粉和蔗糖代谢”“视黄醇代谢”“花生四烯酸代谢”“溶酶体”以及“氨基糖和核苷酸糖代谢”通路在TS_0组中高度富集。与TS_0组相比，有6条通路发生显著改变，“扩张型心肌病”“补体和凝血级联反应”“心肌收缩”“果糖和甘露糖代谢”“cGMP-PKG信号通路”以及“β-丙氨酸代谢”通路在TS_800组中显著富集。代谢组学分析表明，TS_0组与TA_0组相比共鉴定出107种差异代谢物（DMs），而TS_800组与TS_0组相比鉴定出75种DMs。基于KEGG注释发现，TS_0组大量的DM在氨基酸代谢通路中显著富集，包括“精氨酸和脯氨酸代谢”“丙氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸代谢”“β-丙氨酸代谢和酪氨酸代谢”，表明单宁影响氨基酸代谢。差异表达基因（DEGs）和DMs的整合表明，饲料单宁高度改变蛋白质的消化吸收功能以及氨基酸的生物合成和代谢。本研究为凡纳滨对虾适应氨应激以及在饲料中添加单宁以增强免疫功能提供了新的见解。
