Xiong Jinrui, Yang Liping, Wang Luming, Zhi Shaoyang, Zhao Mengjuan, Xu Chunchu, Qu Leya, Guo Xiaorui, Yan Xiao, Qin Chaobin, Nie Guoxing
College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, No 46 Jianshe Road, Xinxiang 453007, China.
Aquac Nutr. 2024 Oct 23;2024:7631021. doi: 10.1155/2024/7631021. eCollection 2024.
Long-term consumption of high-carbohydrate feed may adversely affect intestinal health of fish; however, the underlying roles remain ambiguous. This study examined the effects of varying carbohydrate levels on the intestinal flora of common carp and assessed how microbial metabolites influence intestinal health. Two hundred seventy common carps were chosen and distributed randomly into three groups that fed diets containing starch at levels of 15% (low-carbohydrate diet [LCD]), 28% (medium-carbohydrate diet [MCD]), and 45% (high-carbohydrate diet [HCD]) for 60 days. A significant increase in final body weight, weight gain rate, and specific growth rate within the MCD group, while feed conversion ratio exhibited a decrease in comparison to the other groups ( < 0.05). Feeding with a HCD led to decreased activity of catalase and increased malondialdehyde content, which was consistent with reverse transcription-quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis results ( < 0.05). Specifically, the RT-qPCR results revealed that HCD treatment significantly upregulated , , and transcript levels. Whereas, the messenger RNA (mRNA) was markedly reduced in comparison to the LCD group. Furthermore, the HCD group exhibited an increased abundance of , accompanied by a reduction in abundance, and also revealed an upsurge in opportunistic pathogenic bacteria, such as and . The correlation analysis demonstrated negative correlations of anti-inflammatory active substances such as fucoxanthin, (S)-reticuline, hecogenin, and uridine with , but positive correlations with . In summary, dietary carbohydrates might mediate intestinal flora to regulate their metabolites and affect intestinal inflammatory response.
长期食用高碳水化合物饲料可能会对鱼类的肠道健康产生不利影响；然而，其潜在作用仍不明确。本研究考察了不同碳水化合物水平对鲤鱼肠道菌群的影响，并评估了微生物代谢产物如何影响肠道健康。选取270尾鲤鱼，随机分为三组，分别投喂含15%淀粉的饲料（低碳水化合物饲料[LCD]）、28%淀粉的饲料（中碳水化合物饲料[MCD]）和45%淀粉的饲料（高碳水化合物饲料[HCD]），持续60天。MCD组的终末体重、增重率和特定生长率显著增加，而饲料转化率与其他组相比有所下降（<0.05）。投喂HCD导致过氧化氢酶活性降低，丙二醛含量增加，这与逆转录定量实时聚合酶链反应（RT-qPCR）分析结果一致（<0.05）。具体而言，RT-qPCR结果显示，HCD处理显著上调了、和的转录水平。然而，与LCD组相比，信使核糖核酸（mRNA）明显减少。此外，HCD组的丰度增加，丰度降低，同时还发现机会致病菌如和的数量激增。相关性分析表明，岩藻黄质、（S）-网状番荔枝碱、海柯皂苷元和尿苷等抗炎活性物质与呈负相关，但与呈正相关。综上所述，日粮碳水化合物可能通过介导肠道菌群调节其代谢产物，进而影响肠道炎症反应。
