Gong Yulong, Lu Qisheng, Liu Yulong, Xi Longwei, Zhang Zhimin, Liu Haokun, Jin Junyan, Yang Yunxia, Zhu Xiaoming, Xie Shouqi, Han Dong
State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.
College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Front Nutr. 2022 Sep 23;9:1010859. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1010859. eCollection 2022.
High carbohydrate diet (HCD) causes metabolism disorder and intestinal damages in aquaculture fish. Berberine has been applied to improve obesity, diabetes and NAFLD. However, whether berberine contributes to the alleviation of HCD-induced intestinal damages in aquaculture fish is still unclear. Here we investigated the effects and mechanism of berberine on HCD-induced intestinal damages in largemouth bass (). We found dietary berberine (50 mg/kg) improved the physical indexes (VSI and HSI) without affecting the growth performance and survival rate of largemouth bass. Importantly, the results showed that dietary berberine reduced the HCD-induced tissue damages and repaired the barrier in the intestine of largemouth bass. We observed dietary berberine significantly suppressed HCD-induced intestinal apoptosis rate (from 31.21 to 8.35%) and the activity level of Caspase3/9 ( < 0.05) by alleviating the inflammation (β, , β, and IL-6, < 0.05) and ER stress (, , , α, , , and BIP, < 0.05) in largemouth bass. Further results showed that dietary berberine declined the HCD-induced excessive lipogenesis (oil red O area, TG content, , , , γ, and , < 0.05) and promoted the lipolysis (, , , and , < 0.05) activating adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK, < 0.05) and inhibiting sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1, < 0.05) in the intestine of largemouth bass. Besides, we also found that dietary berberine significantly promoted the hepatic lipid catabolism (, , , and , < 0.05) and glycolysis ( and , < 0.05) to reduce the systematic lipid deposition in largemouth bass fed with HCD. Therefore, we elucidated that 50 mg/kg dietary berberine alleviated HCD-induced intestinal damages and improved AMPK/SREBP1-mediated lipid metabolism in largemouth bass, and evaluated the feasibility for berberine as an aquafeed additive to enhance the intestinal function of aquaculture species.
高碳水化合物饮食（HCD）会导致水产养殖鱼类的代谢紊乱和肠道损伤。黄连素已被用于改善肥胖、糖尿病和非酒精性脂肪性肝病。然而，黄连素是否有助于减轻水产养殖鱼类中HCD诱导的肠道损伤仍不清楚。在此，我们研究了黄连素对大口黑鲈中HCD诱导的肠道损伤的影响及其机制。我们发现，饲料中添加黄连素（50毫克/千克）可改善身体指标（脏体比和肝体比），而不影响大口黑鲈的生长性能和存活率。重要的是，结果表明，饲料中的黄连素减少了HCD诱导的组织损伤，并修复了大口黑鲈肠道中的屏障。我们观察到，饲料中的黄连素通过减轻大口黑鲈的炎症（β、肿瘤坏死因子α、白细胞介素1β和白细胞介素6，P<0.05）和内质网应激（葡萄糖调节蛋白78、C/EBP同源蛋白、激活转录因子6、肌醇需求酶1α、X盒结合蛋白1和结合免疫球蛋白蛋白，P<0.05），显著抑制了HCD诱导的肠道凋亡率（从31.21%降至8.35%）和半胱天冬酶3/9的活性水平（P<0.05）。进一步的结果表明，饲料中的黄连素降低了HCD诱导的过度脂肪生成（油红O面积、甘油三酯含量、脂肪酸合酶、乙酰辅酶A羧化酶α、脂肪酸转运蛋白2、脂肪酸转运蛋白4和脂肪酸转运蛋白5，P<0.05），并通过激活大口黑鲈肠道中的腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶（AMPK，P<0.05）和抑制固醇调节元件结合蛋白1（SREBP1，P<0.05）促进了脂肪分解（肉碱/有机阳离子转运体2、肉碱/有机阳离子转运体3、脂肪酸结合蛋白3和脂肪酸结合蛋白7，P<0.05）。此外，我们还发现，饲料中的黄连素显著促进了肝脏脂质分解代谢（肉碱/有机阳离子转运体2、肉碱/有机阳离子转运体3、脂肪酸结合蛋白3和脂肪酸结合蛋白7，P<0.05）和糖酵解（己糖激酶和磷酸果糖激酶，P<0.05），以减少喂食HCD的大口黑鲈的全身脂质沉积。因此，我们阐明了饲料中添加50毫克/千克黄连素可减轻HCD诱导的大口黑鲈肠道损伤，并改善AMPK/SREBP1介导的脂质代谢，并评估了黄连素作为水产饲料添加剂增强水产养殖物种肠道功能的可行性。
