Research Center for Fisheries and Aquaculture, Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Szarvas, 5540, Hungary.
Pál Juhász-Nagy Doctoral School of Biology and Environmental Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary.
Sci Rep. 2024 Nov 18;14(1):28541. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-79880-4.
Although angler's groundbaits (GBs) can be an important food resource for fish, we do not know much about the effects of GB consumption on the growth and health of fish. To fill this knowledge gap, we conducted a controlled, six-week long feeding trial (feeding ration: 2% of body weight) with common carp at 22 °C (Cyprinus carpio, mean initial body weight: 557 g) to test the effect of two GBs composed mostly of animal-derived ingredients (AN-GBs) and two plant-based GBs (PL-GBs) relative to one aquaculture feed, as a control (five treatment altogether). Consumption of PL-GBs resulted in lower growth rate than AN-GBs, presumably due to the low protein content. However, the unit biomass increment per unit nitrogen input was higher in PL-GBs. Although PL-GBs resulted in reduction of hepatic energy reserves, hepatosomatic index, viscerosomatic index, and body condition did not differ among the treatments. We did not find differences in expression of inflammatory cytokines in the liver. In conclusion, AN-GBs more effectively increases the carrying capacity of fisheries, but fish sequester a higher portion of nitrogen content of PL-GBs -PL-GB input can be more effectively counterbalanced by fish removal. Finally, the GB consumption does not pose a health risk to fish.
尽管钓鱼用的基础饵料（groundbaits，GBs）可能是鱼类的重要食物来源，但我们对其摄食对鱼类生长和健康的影响知之甚少。为了填补这一知识空白，我们在 22°C 下用鲤鱼（Cyprinus carpio，平均初始体重：557g）进行了为期六周的控制喂养试验（喂养比例：体重的 2%），以测试两种主要由动物源性成分组成的基础饵料（AN-GBs）和两种植物性基础饵料（PL-GBs）相对于一种养殖饲料（共五种处理）的效果。与 AN-GBs 相比，PL-GBs 的摄食导致生长率降低，这可能是由于其蛋白质含量较低。然而，PL-GBs 的单位生物量增量与单位氮投入的比值更高。尽管 PL-GBs 导致肝能量储备、肝体比、脏体比和身体状况减少，但处理之间没有差异。我们没有发现肝脏中炎症细胞因子表达的差异。总之，AN-GBs 更有效地增加了渔业的承载能力，但鱼类会隔离 PL-GBs 中更高比例的氮含量——PL-GB 的投入可以通过鱼类的去除更有效地得到平衡。最后，GB 的摄食对鱼类没有健康风险。
