Moored Kyle D, Desjardins Michael R, Crane Breanna M, Donahue Patrick T, Richards Emily A, Hirsch Jana A, Lovasi Gina S, Rosso Andrea L, Garg Parveen K, Shields Timothy M, Curriero Frank C, Odden Michelle C, Lopez Oscar L, Biggs Mary L, Newman Anne B, Carlson Michelle C
Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Department of Epidemiology and Spatial Science for Public Health Center, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Alzheimers Dement. 2025 Jan;21(1):e14387. doi: 10.1002/alz.14387. Epub 2024 Nov 19.
Neighborhood environments may promote neurocognitive health in part by providing amenities that encourage physical activity. We examined associations between quantity of walkable facilities, including specifically physical activity facilities (e.g., gyms, recreation centers), with risk of incident dementia.
Participants included 2923 adults ≥ 65 years old from the Cardiovascular Health Cognition Study (1992-1999), with clinically adjudicated dementia classified over a median 6.0 years of follow-up. Walkable facilities were measured within 1 km (Euclidean) of home. Self-reported baseline physical activity was considered a moderator.
In adjusted Cox models, participants with ≥ 2 (vs. 0) physical activity facilities had reduced risk of mixed/vascular dementia, but not Alzheimer's disease, particularly after excluding individuals in the bottom 20th percentile of physical activity (hazard ratio = 0.56, 95% confidence interval: 0.35-0.89).
Neighborhood amenities that encourage physical activity may mitigate dementia risk via improved vascular health, especially for individuals with sufficient baseline mobility to use these resources.
We examined associations between nearby walkable facilities and incident dementia. Facilities within 1 km were counted via the National Establishment Time Series Database. More physical activity facilities predicted lower risk of mixed/vascular dementia. No associations were found between walkable facilities and incident Alzheimer's disease.
社区环境可能部分通过提供鼓励身体活动的便利设施来促进神经认知健康。我们研究了可步行设施的数量，特别是体育活动设施（如健身房、娱乐中心）与痴呆症发病风险之间的关联。
参与者包括来自心血管健康认知研究（1992 - 1999年）的2923名65岁及以上的成年人，在中位6.0年的随访期间对临床判定的痴呆症进行分类。可步行设施是在距离家1公里（欧几里得距离）范围内进行测量的。自我报告的基线身体活动被视为一个调节因素。
在调整后的Cox模型中，拥有≥2个（与0个相比）体育活动设施的参与者患混合性/血管性痴呆的风险降低，但患阿尔茨海默病的风险未降低，特别是在排除身体活动处于最低20百分位的个体后（风险比 = 0.56，95%置信区间：0.35 - 0.89）。
鼓励身体活动的社区便利设施可能通过改善血管健康来降低痴呆症风险，特别是对于那些有足够基线活动能力来利用这些资源的个体。
我们研究了附近可步行设施与痴呆症发病之间的关联。通过国家机构时间序列数据库统计1公里范围内的设施。更多的体育活动设施预示着混合性/血管性痴呆的风险较低。未发现可步行设施与阿尔茨海默病发病之间存在关联。
