坦桑尼亚姆万扎地区八个区五年结核病趋势分析; (2017-2021)。

Five-year tuberculosis trends analysis in eight districts of Mwanza region, Tanzania; (2017-2021).

机构信息

National Public Health Laboratory Ministry of Health, Mabibo, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, P.O. Box 241, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa.

出版信息

BMC Public Health. 2024 Nov 19;24(1):3218. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-20684-6.

DOI:10.1186/s12889-024-20684-6

PMID:39563288

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11577596/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

In Tanzania like other developing countries, TB detection is hindered by totally missed, late notification, and delayed diagnosis of active cases. Apart from having TB control strategies and interventions to detect patients and put them on treatment to cut down the chain of transmission, TB remains a health concern. Limited data exist on the burden and trends of tuberculosis in Mwanza, which includes fishing communities and living conditions that are associated with high TB transmission like overcrowding. This study aimed to determine tuberculosis trends in the Mwanza region of Tanzania for five years, from 2017 to 2021.

METHODS

We extracted routine TB diagnostic data from 2017 to 2021 from eight districts of the Mwanza region of Tanzania from the electronic TB database. Data were captured in Microsoft Office Excel 2007 with district TB and leprosy coordinators and then imported into STATA 13 (Stata Corp LLC, College Station, TX, USA) for analysis. We estimated the TB case detection rate per 100,000 population.

RESULTS

A total of 6,414 laboratory-confirmed tuberculosis cases were detected in eight districts of the Mwanza region in Tanzania from 2017 to 2021. The average tuberculosis detection rate in five years was 34.7 per 100,000 population. Overall, the TB detection rate was two times higher in people without HIV (30.5) compared to those infected with HIV; 13.4 per 100,000 population. Of the 15 rifampicin-resistant TB cases detected in the year 2018, 66.7% (10/15) were HIV-negative compared to 33.3% (5/15) infected with HIV.

CONCLUSION

The TB case detection rate decreased in Mwanza region from 43.9 in 2017 to 21.4 per 100,000 population in 2021. Other parameters were missing in the database, which indicates remarkable gaps in the established database to monitor TB management in the region. The program may consider investigating and improving the documentation of information necessary to attain its goals.

摘要

背景

在坦桑尼亚和其他发展中国家一样，结核病的检测受到完全漏诊、迟报和延迟诊断活动性病例的阻碍。除了有结核病控制策略和干预措施来发现患者并让他们接受治疗以减少传播链之外，结核病仍然是一个健康问题。关于坦桑尼亚姆万扎地区的结核病负担和趋势的数据有限，其中包括与高结核病传播相关的渔业社区和居住条件，如过度拥挤。本研究旨在确定 2017 年至 2021 年五年期间坦桑尼亚姆万扎地区的结核病趋势。

方法

我们从坦桑尼亚姆万扎地区的八个区提取了 2017 年至 2021 年的常规结核病诊断数据，这些数据来自电子结核病数据库。数据由区结核病和麻风病协调员在 Microsoft Office Excel 2007 中捕获，然后导入 STATA 13（StataCorp LLC，德克萨斯州 College Station）进行分析。我们估计了每 10 万人中的结核病病例检出率。

结果

2017 年至 2021 年，坦桑尼亚姆万扎地区八个区共发现 6414 例实验室确诊结核病病例。五年期间的平均结核病检出率为每 10 万人 34.7 例。总体而言，未感染艾滋病毒的人群中结核病检出率（30.5）是感染艾滋病毒人群的两倍；每 10 万人 13.4 例。在 2018 年发现的 15 例利福平耐药结核病病例中，66.7%（10/15）为 HIV 阴性，而 33.3%（5/15）感染了 HIV。