, esophageal precancerous lesions, and proton pump inhibitor overuse.

This article reviews the cohort study published in the , which reported low rates of () infection among esophageal cancer (EC) patients, coupled with proton pump inhibitor (PPI) overuse. These findings suggest a potential protective role of against EC and indicate a possible association between PPI use and increased cancer risk. In light of these findings, our article examines the complex relationship between and esophageal precancerous lesions, exploring the potential underlying mechanisms. We also address growing concerns regarding PPI overuse, including its potential effects on cancer therapy efficacy and the risk of drug interactions. Ultimately, this article highlights the urgent need for further research to evaluate the safety and efficacy of PPIs in cancer patients and to better understand their broader implications.