Zheng Yuanyuan, Ke Zengguang, Hu Guofeng, Tong Songlin
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Cixi Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Cixi, Ningbo, China.
Biomed Tech (Berl). 2024 Nov 22;70(2):103-114. doi: 10.1515/bmt-2024-0391. Print 2025 Apr 28.
Large defects in bone tissue due to trauma, tumors, or developmental abnormalities usually require surgical treatment for repair. Numerous studies have shown that current bone repair and regeneration treatments have certain complications and limitations. With the in-depth understanding of bone regeneration mechanisms and biological tissue materials, a variety of materials with desirable physicochemical properties and biological functions have emerged in the field of bone regeneration in recent years. Among them, hydrogels have been widely used in bone regeneration research due to their biocompatibility, unique swelling properties, and ease of fabrication. In this paper, the development and classification of hydrogels were introduced, and the mechanism of hydrogels in promoting bone regeneration was described in detail, including the promotion of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell differentiation, the promotion of angiogenesis, the enhancement of the activity of bone morphogenetic proteins, and the regulation of the microenvironment of bone regeneration tissues. In addition, the future research direction of hydrogel in bone tissue engineering was discussed.
由于创伤、肿瘤或发育异常导致的骨组织大面积缺损通常需要手术治疗来修复。大量研究表明，目前的骨修复和再生治疗存在一定的并发症和局限性。随着对骨再生机制和生物组织材料的深入了解，近年来在骨再生领域出现了各种具有理想物理化学性质和生物学功能的材料。其中，水凝胶因其生物相容性、独特的溶胀特性和易于制备等特点，已被广泛应用于骨再生研究。本文介绍了水凝胶的发展和分类，并详细阐述了水凝胶促进骨再生的机制，包括促进骨髓间充质干细胞分化、促进血管生成、增强骨形态发生蛋白的活性以及调节骨再生组织的微环境。此外，还讨论了水凝胶在骨组织工程中的未来研究方向。
