护生应对方式在感知压力与专业认同间的中介作用：一项在中国某医科大学开展的横断面研究
The mediating effect of coping on perceived stress and professional identity among nursing interns: a cross-sectional study conducted in a medical university in China.
机构信息
School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, Chashan University Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Nosocomial Infection Management Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
出版信息
BMC Psychol. 2024 Nov 21;12(1):682. doi: 10.1186/s40359-024-02208-4.
BACKGROUND
Developing a strong professional identity is crucial to helping nursing students pursing nursing career. Stress and coping are two factors that may influence professional identity. The relationship between nursing interns' professional identity, coping, and perceived stress, however, has not received much attention in the literature. This study aimed to examine the role of coping as a mediator in the relationship between perceived stress and professional identity among nursing interns.
METHODS
In September 2020, a cross-sectional study was done at a Chinese medical university. Data were collected online from 213 nursing interns via convenience sampling using the personal characteristics questionnaire, the professional identity scale for nursing students, the stress rating scale for nursing students in practice and the simplified coping style questionnaire. Multiple regression analysis, and a bootstrap approach with SPSS Process macro were adopted to examine the mediating role of coping on perceived stress and professional identity.
RESULTS
The overall mean score for nursing interns' professional identity was 3.30 ± 0.51. Perceived stress was negatively correlated with professional identity (r = -0.217, p < 0.01), and positively correlated with positive coping style (r = 0.168, p < 0.05). Positive coping style was positively correlated with professional identity (r = 0.177, p < 0.01). Positive coping style acted as a mediator between perceived stress and professional identity among nursing interns.
CONCLUSION
This study showed that nursing interns had a medium level of professional identity and the negative influence of stress perceived by nursing interns on their professional identity might be buffered by the increased use of positive coping style. Therefore, coping training programs should be developed to help mitigate the negative impact of stress on the professional identity of nursing interns in clinical practicum.
背景
培养强烈的专业认同感对于帮助护理专业学生从事护理职业至关重要。压力和应对方式是可能影响专业认同感的两个因素。然而，护理实习生的专业认同感、应对方式和感知压力之间的关系在文献中并没有得到太多关注。本研究旨在探讨应对方式在护理实习生感知压力与专业认同感之间的关系中起中介作用。
方法
2020 年 9 月，在中国一所医科大学进行了一项横断面研究。采用便利抽样法，通过个人特征问卷、护理学生专业认同量表、护理学生实践压力评定量表和简化应对方式问卷，在线收集 213 名护理实习生的数据。采用多元回归分析和 SPSS Process 宏的 bootstrap 方法，检验应对方式在感知压力与专业认同之间的中介作用。
结果
护理实习生专业认同感的总分平均为 3.30±0.51。感知压力与专业认同感呈负相关(r=-0.217，p<0.01)，与积极应对方式呈正相关(r=0.168，p<0.05)。积极应对方式与专业认同感呈正相关(r=0.177，p<0.01)。积极应对方式在护理实习生感知压力与专业认同感之间起中介作用。
结论
本研究表明，护理实习生的专业认同感处于中等水平，护理实习生感知到的压力对其专业认同感的负面影响可能会被积极应对方式的增加所缓冲。因此，应制定应对方式培训方案，以帮助减轻护理实习生在临床实习中压力对其专业认同感的负面影响。
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