Khodavandi Pouria, Karami Neda, Khodavandi Alireza, Alizadeh Fahimeh, Kokhdan Esmaeel Panahi, Zaheri Ahmad
Department of Animal Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
Department of Biology, Gachsaran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gachsaran, Iran.
Chin J Integr Med. 2025 Apr;31(4):336-346. doi: 10.1007/s11655-024-4122-9. Epub 2024 Nov 25.
To entrap carvacrol (CAR) in bovine serum albumin nanoparticles (BSANPs) to form CAR-loaded BSANPs (CAR@BSANPs) and to explore the anti-cancer effects in breast adenocarcinoma cells (MCF-7 cells) treated with CAR and CAR@BSANPs.
A desolvation method was used to synthesize BSANPs and CAR@BSANPs. The BSANPs and CAR@BSANPs were characterized by several physicochemical methods, including visual observation, high-resolution field emission scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and high-performance liquid chromatography. MCF-7 cells were used and analyzed after 24 h of exposure to CAR and CAR@BSANPs at half-maximal inhibitory concentration. The anti-proliferative, apoptotic, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and nitric oxide (NO) scavenging activity as well as gene expression analysis were investigated by the cell viability assay, phase-contrast microscopy, 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein-diacetate assay, Griess-Illosvoy colorimetric assay, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, respectively.
CAR and CAR@BSANPs showed anti-proliferative, apoptotic, ROS generation, and NO scavenging effects on MCF-7 cells. Expression profile of B-cell lymphoma 2-like 11 (BCL2L11), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), hypoxia inducible factor factor-1α (HIF1A), BCL2L11/apoptosis regulator (BAX), and BCL2L11/Bcl2 homologous antagonist/killer 1 (BAK1) ratios revealed downregulated genes; and BAX, BAK1, and CASP8 were upregulated by CAR and CAR@BSANPs treatment. In vitro anticancer assays of the CAR and CAR@BSANPs showed that CAR@BSANPs demonstrated higher therapeutic efficacy in the MCF-7 cells than CAR.
CAR and CAR@BSANPs affect gene expression and may subsequently reduce the growth and proliferation of the MCF-7 cells. Molecular targeting of regulatory genes of the MCF-7 cells with CAR and CAR@BSANPs may be an effective therapeutic strategy against breast cancer.
将香芹酚（CAR）包裹于牛血清白蛋白纳米粒（BSANPs）中，制备载香芹酚的牛血清白蛋白纳米粒（CAR@BSANPs），并探究CAR和CAR@BSANPs对乳腺癌细胞（MCF-7细胞）的抗癌作用。
采用去溶剂法合成BSANPs和CAR@BSANPs。通过多种物理化学方法对BSANPs和CAR@BSANPs进行表征，包括肉眼观察、高分辨率场发射扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱和高效液相色谱。使用MCF-7细胞，在半数抑制浓度下用CAR和CAR@BSANPs处理24小时后进行分析。分别通过细胞活力测定、相差显微镜、2',7'-二氯荧光素二乙酸酯测定、Griess-Illosvoy比色测定和定量实时聚合酶链反应研究抗增殖、凋亡、活性氧（ROS）和一氧化氮（NO）清除活性以及基因表达分析。
CAR和CAR@BSANPs对MCF-7细胞显示出抗增殖、凋亡、ROS生成和NO清除作用。B细胞淋巴瘤2样11（BCL2L11）、血管内皮生长因子A（VEGFA）、缺氧诱导因子-1α（HIF1A）、BCL2L11/凋亡调节因子（BAX）和BCL2L11/Bcl2同源拮抗剂/杀手1（BAK1）的表达谱显示基因下调；CAR和CAR@BSANPs处理后BAX、BAK1和CASP8上调。CAR和CAR@BSANPs的体外抗癌试验表明，CAR@BSANPs在MCF-7细胞中显示出比CAR更高的治疗效果。
CAR和CAR@BSANPs影响基因表达，随后可能降低MCF-7细胞的生长和增殖。用CAR和CAR@BSANPs对MCF-7细胞的调控基因进行分子靶向可能是一种有效的乳腺癌治疗策略。
