Menyailo Maxim E, Kopantseva Elena E, Khozyainova Anna A, Korobeynikova Anastasia A, Denisov Evgeny V
Single Cell Biology Laboratory, Research Institute of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, 115093, Moscow, Russia.
Laboratory of Cancer Progression Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634009, Tomsk, Russia.
Cancer Gene Ther. 2025 Jan;32(1):11-21. doi: 10.1038/s41417-024-00856-7. Epub 2024 Nov 24.
Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are heterogeneous and aggressive tumors, originating in connective tissues embryologically derived from the mesenchyme. Due to their rarity, crucial information about their biology is still lacking. In recent years, single-cell and spatial analyses have opened up new horizons in oncology, leading to the possibility of characterizing the internal architecture of the tumor at the single-cell and spatial levels. This review summarizes the first results acquired through these revolutionary methods for different types of STS. We discuss tumor cell populations and their evolution, interactions between tumor cells and the microenvironment, new prognostic markers, and clinically important targets. Finally, we examine the challenges presented by the single-cell and spatial omics of STS and the future perspectives in this field.
软组织肉瘤（STS）是一种异质性且侵袭性强的肿瘤，起源于胚胎时期由间充质衍生而来的结缔组织。由于其罕见性，关于其生物学的关键信息仍然缺乏。近年来，单细胞和空间分析为肿瘤学开辟了新的视野，使得在单细胞和空间水平上表征肿瘤内部结构成为可能。本综述总结了通过这些革命性方法针对不同类型STS所获得的首批结果。我们讨论肿瘤细胞群体及其演变、肿瘤细胞与微环境之间的相互作用、新的预后标志物以及具有临床重要性的靶点。最后，我们审视了STS单细胞和空间组学所带来的挑战以及该领域的未来前景。
