Isaac Tambi, Mansour Nassir
Surgery, Wyckoff Heights Medical Center, New York, USA.
Medical Academy, Kabardino-Balkarian State University, Nalchik, RUS.
Cureus. 2024 Oct 22;16(10):e72160. doi: 10.7759/cureus.72160. eCollection 2024 Oct.
This case report describes a patient who presented with devastating stroke-like symptoms secondary to a cystic brain lesion that was confirmed to be glioblastoma without significant symptomatology before her dramatic presentation. It further highlights the aggressive nature and the swift growth of the tumor in a short period of time. A 55-year-old female with no significant past medical history presented to the emergency department in a comatose state. The patient had experienced a week of worsening headaches and vomiting, self-medicating with Tylenol. Upon evaluation, she was noticed to have bilaterally dilated fixed pupils: R: 6 mm, L: 3 mm. The initial head CT revealed a right frontal cystic lesion associated with descending trans-tentorial brain herniation and brain-stem compression. Because of her relatively young age and sudden onset symptoms, the decision was made to take her urgently to the operating room. The patient underwent an emergency right frontal craniotomy, resection, and lobectomy. The patient was intubated and ventilated after surgery. The postoperative exam was significant for pupils ~2-3 mm and reactive to light. On postoperative day 1, the patient became very responsive and was eventually extubated. She was found to have a normal neurological examination after extubating her; despite the devastating presentation and extent of the tumor, the patient recovered well without significant motor or behavioral deficits. The surgical intervention prevented an impending brain death. A follow-up MRI after two weeks shows a substantial recurrence of the tumor as compared to imaging upon discharge. The patient was taken again to the operating room for a second surgery. She was discharged a few days after her second operation with follow-up recommendations with oncology. This case is among very few cases that highlight a swift and dramatic presentation of glioblastoma and isocitrate dehydrogenase-wild type grade IV in a patient without precipitating symptoms succeeding the main presentation. It also emphasizes rapid approaches to prevent a dreadful prognosis in this well-known aggressive type of brain tumor.
本病例报告描述了一名患者,其因囊性脑病变出现类似中风的严重症状,该病变经确诊为胶质母细胞瘤,在其症状急剧显现之前并无明显症状。这进一步凸显了肿瘤的侵袭性本质以及在短时间内的迅速生长。一名55岁、无重大既往病史的女性以昏迷状态被送至急诊科。患者经历了一周的头痛和呕吐加重,自行服用泰诺林。经评估,发现她双侧瞳孔散大固定:右侧6毫米,左侧3毫米。最初的头部CT显示右额叶囊性病变,伴有经小脑幕向下的脑疝和脑干受压。鉴于她相对年轻且症状突发,决定紧急将她送往手术室。患者接受了急诊右额叶开颅术、切除术和叶切除术。术后患者插管并进行通气。术后检查显示瞳孔约2 - 3毫米,对光有反应。术后第1天,患者反应非常灵敏,最终拔除气管插管。拔管后发现她的神经检查正常;尽管肿瘤表现严重且范围广泛,但患者恢复良好,无明显运动或行为缺陷。手术干预避免了即将发生的脑死亡。两周后的随访MRI显示,与出院时的影像相比,肿瘤大量复发。患者再次被送往手术室进行二次手术。二次手术后几天她出院,并接受了肿瘤学的随访建议。该病例是极少数突出胶质母细胞瘤和异柠檬酸脱氢酶野生型IV级在主要症状出现后无先兆症状的患者中迅速且严重表现的病例之一。它还强调了针对这种众所周知的侵袭性脑肿瘤预防可怕预后的快速方法。