Boldt Carolin Alexandra, Keiner Dirk, Best Norman, Bertsche Thilo
Pharmacy Department, Sophien- und Hufeland-Klinikum gGmbH Weimar, 99425 Weimar, Germany.
Clinical Pharmacy Department, Institute of Pharmacy, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, 04109 Leipzig, Germany.
Pharmacy (Basel). 2024 Nov 22;12(6):175. doi: 10.3390/pharmacy12060175.
Biological, pharmacological, and socio-cultural aspects influence gender-specific effects in pain management.
Gender-specific aspects of pain management were assessed in a rural outpatient center via semi-structured patient interview: (i) general gender aspects (total population) from 1 = "fully disagree" to 5 = "fully agree"; and (ii) individual pain (matched pairs) via numeric analog scale (NAS) from 0 = "no pain" to 10 = "maximum pain". Patient charts were assessed for pain management (WHO-ladder).
In total, 113 patients were enrolled (59.18 [SD: 12.76] years, 46% female, 54% male, 0% diverse), and 42 were matched into female-male pairs. (i) Women and men agreed that men and women should be treated equally despite biological differences (median: 5 [women] vs. 5 [men]; = 0.789). As a reason for gender-specific aspects, "medication concentration" was reported more frequently by women ( = 0.038) and "no answer" by men ( = 0.014). (ii) Mean value (SD) of pain (NAS) was 4.0 (SD 2.3) for women and 3.3 (SD 2.6) for men ( = 0.215) with a positive correlation between pain management escalation (WHO-ladder) and the pain score (NAS) only in men (r = 0.704, = 0.001). Women rather reported an influence of adverse drug reactions on treatment contentment than men ( = 0.042).
Although patients pleaded for gender-independent equal treatment, gender-specific differences in pain therapy were found.
生物学、药理学和社会文化因素会影响疼痛管理中的性别特异性效应。
在一家农村门诊中心通过半结构化患者访谈评估疼痛管理的性别特异性方面：（i）一般性别方面（总体人群），从1 =“完全不同意”到5 =“完全同意”；（ii）个体疼痛（配对）通过数字模拟量表（NAS），从0 =“无疼痛”到10 =“最大疼痛”。评估患者病历中的疼痛管理情况（世界卫生组织阶梯法）。
共纳入113例患者（年龄59.18[标准差：12.76]岁，女性46%，男性54%，无其他性别），42例配对为男女对。（i） 女性和男性都认为，尽管存在生物学差异，男女应得到平等对待（中位数：女性为5，男性为5；P = 0.789）。作为性别特异性方面的一个原因，女性更频繁地报告“药物浓度”（P = 0.038），男性更频繁地报告“无答案”（P = 0.014）。（ii） 女性疼痛（NAS）的平均值（标准差）为4.0（标准差2.3），男性为3.3（标准差2.6）（P = 0.215），只有男性的疼痛管理升级（世界卫生组织阶梯法）与疼痛评分（NAS）呈正相关（r = 0.704，P = 0.001）。女性比男性更倾向于报告药物不良反应对治疗满意度的影响（P = 0.042）。
尽管患者呼吁进行无性别差异的平等治疗，但仍发现了疼痛治疗中的性别特异性差异。
