Salmenperä L, Perheentupa J, Siimes M A
J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 1986 Mar-Apr;5(2):283-9.
Plasma concentrations of folate were studied in a group of exclusively breast-fed infants and their mothers (their numbers gradually decreased from 200 at birth to 7 at 12 months) and in infants completely weaned to a cow's milk formula (containing 35 micrograms of folate/L) and solid foods. The exclusively breast-fed infants were in no danger of folate deficiency; their plasma levels were elevated after the age of 2 months and, on average, were 2.0-3.3-fold higher than maternal levels throughout the study. None of these infants had an inadequate plasma concentration, whereas up to 5% of the mothers had values less than or equal to 3 micrograms/L, despite supplementation during lactation with 0.1 mg folate/day. In the formula-fed infants, 69-94% of the plasma folate concentrations lay below the lowest concentration for the breast-fed infants. Although no infant had signs of anemia or macrocytosis in red cell indices, the infants weaned earliest had the lowest hemoglobin concentrations (p = 0.09) and the highest mean corpuscular volume (MCV) values (p = 0.06) at 9 months of age. Thus, an infant fed a formula containing the recommended amount of folate runs a risk of folate deficiency.
对一组纯母乳喂养的婴儿及其母亲（人数从出生时的200人逐渐减少至12个月时的7人）以及完全断奶并改用含叶酸35微克/升的牛奶配方奶粉和固体食物喂养的婴儿的血浆叶酸浓度进行了研究。纯母乳喂养的婴儿不存在叶酸缺乏的风险；在2个月龄后他们的血浆水平升高，并且在整个研究过程中平均比母亲的水平高2.0至3.3倍。这些婴儿中没有一个血浆浓度不足，而尽管在哺乳期每天补充0.1毫克叶酸，仍有高达5%的母亲的叶酸值小于或等于3微克/升。在用配方奶粉喂养的婴儿中，69%至94%的血浆叶酸浓度低于纯母乳喂养婴儿的最低浓度。尽管没有婴儿出现贫血迹象或红细胞指数中的大细胞性，但最早断奶的婴儿在9个月大时血红蛋白浓度最低（p = 0.09），平均红细胞体积（MCV）值最高（p = 0.06）。因此，食用含有推荐量叶酸配方奶粉的婴儿有叶酸缺乏的风险。
