Paraskevaidis Ioannis, Kourek Christos, Farmakis Dimitrios, Tsougos Elias
6th Department of Cardiology, Hygeia Hospital, 151 23 Athens, Greece.
Department of Cardiology, 417 Army Share Fund Hospital of Athens (NIMTS), 115 21 Athens, Greece.
Biomedicines. 2024 Nov 12;12(11):2589. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12112589.
Heart failure is a complex syndrome and our understanding and therapeutic approach relies mostly on its phenotypic presentation. Notably, the heart is characterized as the most energy-consuming organ, being both a producer and consumer, in order to satisfy multiple cardiac functions: ion exchange, electromechanical coordination, excitation-contraction coupling, etc. By obtaining further knowledge of the cardiac energy field, we can probably better characterize the basic pathophysiological events occurring in heart disease patients and understand the metabolic substance changes, the relationship between the alteration of energy production/consumption, and hence energetic deficiency not only in the heart as a whole but in every single cardiac territory, which will hopefully provide us with the opportunity to uncover the beginning of the heart failure process. In this respect, using (a) newer imaging techniques, (b) biomedicine, (c) nanotechnology, and (d) artificial intelligence, we can gain a deeper understanding of this complex syndrome. This, in turn, can lead to earlier and more effective therapeutic approaches, ultimately improving human health. To date, the scientific community has not given sufficient attention to the energetic starvation model. In our view, this review aims to encourage scientists and the medical community to conduct studies for a better understanding and treatment of this syndrome.
心力衰竭是一种复杂的综合征，我们对它的理解和治疗方法主要依赖于其表型表现。值得注意的是，心脏被认为是最消耗能量的器官，既是能量的产生者又是消费者，以满足多种心脏功能：离子交换、机电协调、兴奋-收缩偶联等。通过进一步了解心脏能量领域，我们或许能够更好地描述心脏病患者发生的基本病理生理事件，并了解代谢物质的变化、能量产生/消耗改变之间的关系，进而不仅了解整个心脏而且了解每个心脏区域的能量缺乏情况，这有望为我们提供揭示心力衰竭过程起始的机会。在这方面，利用（a）更新的成像技术、（b）生物医学、（c）纳米技术和（d）人工智能，我们能够更深入地了解这种复杂的综合征。反过来，这可以带来更早且更有效的治疗方法，最终改善人类健康。迄今为止，科学界对能量饥饿模型尚未给予足够的关注。我们认为，本综述旨在鼓励科学家和医学界开展研究，以更好地理解和治疗这种综合征。
