Amiri Sohrab, Mahmood Nailah, Javaid Syed Fahad, Khan Moien Ab
Spiritual Health Research Center, Lifestyle Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 17166, Iran.
Division of Health Research, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK.
Healthcare (Basel). 2024 Nov 13;12(22):2263. doi: 10.3390/healthcare12222263.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Depression, anxiety, and stress are common mental health issues that affect individuals worldwide. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effectiveness of various lifestyle interventions including physical activity, dietary changes, and sleep hygiene in reducing the symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. Using stress as an outcome and conducting detailed subgroup analyses, this study provides novel insights into the differential effects of lifestyle interventions across diverse populations.
Five databases were systematically searched: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar, for gray literature searches. Keywords were used to search each database. The search period was from the conception of the databases until August 2023 and was conducted in English. For each analysis, Hedges' g was reported with a 95% confidence interval (CI) based on the random-effects method. Subgroups were analyzed and heterogeneity and publication bias were examined.
Ninety-six randomized clinical trial studies were included in this meta-analysis. Lifestyle interventions reduced depression (Hedges g -0.21, 95% confidence interval -0.26, -0.15; < 0.001; = 56.57), anxiety (Hedges g -0.24, 95% confidence interval -0.32, -0.15; < 0.001; = 59.25), and stress (-0.34, -0.11; < 0.001; = 61.40).
Lifestyle interventions offer a more accessible and cost-effective alternative to traditional treatments and provide targeted benefits for different psychological symptoms.
背景/目的：抑郁、焦虑和压力是影响全球个体的常见心理健康问题。本系统评价和荟萃分析考察了包括体育活动、饮食改变和睡眠卫生在内的各种生活方式干预措施在减轻抑郁、焦虑和压力症状方面的有效性。本研究以压力为结果并进行详细的亚组分析，为生活方式干预在不同人群中的差异效应提供了新的见解。
系统检索了五个数据库：PubMed、科学网、Scopus、Cochrane图书馆和谷歌学术，以进行灰色文献检索。使用关键词检索每个数据库。检索期从各数据库创建起至2023年8月，检索语言为英文。每次分析均根据随机效应方法报告Hedges' g及其95%置信区间（CI）。对亚组进行了分析，并检查了异质性和发表偏倚。
本荟萃分析纳入了96项随机临床试验研究。生活方式干预减轻了抑郁（Hedges g -0.21，95%置信区间 -0.26，-0.15；P<0.001；I² = 56.57）、焦虑（Hedges g -0.24，95%置信区间 -0.32，-0.15；P<0.001；I² = 59.25）和压力（Hedges g -0.34，95%置信区间 -0.41，-0.11；P<0.001；I² = 61.40）。
生活方式干预为传统治疗提供了一种更易获得且具成本效益的替代方案，并针对不同的心理症状提供了有针对性的益处。
