Research Group Healthy Lifestyle in a Supporting Environment, The Hague University of Applied Sciences, 2501 EH The Hague, The Netherlands.
Institute of Sport Studies, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, 9747 AS Groningen, The Netherlands.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2024 Oct 31;21(11):1460. doi: 10.3390/ijerph21111460.
Motor competence development from early to middle childhood is accompanied by great variance. This course can be influenced by many factors in the ecosystem. The objective of this study was to examine which individual characteristics are associated with motor competence development during the transition from early to middle childhood.
A longitudinal study was conducted between February 2020 and May 2022. Actual and perceived motor competence and the potential determinants physical activity enjoyment, weight status, and organized sports participation of children () aged 4-6 years old at T0 (N = 721) were measured at two points in time, separated by a two-year interval. Associations between potential determinants and AMC, including interactions with time, were analyzed using linear mixed-effect regression models with continuous motor quotient scores as outcome variables.
Overweight, obesity, and lack of organized sports participation were associated with lower motor quotient scores over time. Multivariate analyses showed that associations of weight status (overweight and obesity) and sports participation with motor quotient scores remained significant after adjustment for variations in perceived motor competence and physical activity enjoyment.
Excessive body weight and lack of sports participation from early childhood are associated with an increased risk of an undesirable motor competence development over time.
从儿童早期到中期，运动能力的发展伴随着很大的差异。这一过程可能受到生态系统中许多因素的影响。本研究的目的是探讨哪些个体特征与儿童从早期到中期过渡期间的运动能力发展有关。
本研究采用纵向研究，于 2020 年 2 月至 2022 年 5 月进行。在两个时间点测量了 4-6 岁儿童（T0 时 N=721）的实际和感知运动能力，以及潜在决定因素，包括体育活动享受、体重状况和有组织的体育参与情况。使用线性混合效应回归模型，以连续运动商数评分作为因变量，分析潜在决定因素与 AMC 之间的关系，包括与时间的相互作用。
超重、肥胖和缺乏有组织的体育参与与运动商数评分随时间的下降有关。多变量分析表明，体重状况（超重和肥胖）和运动参与与运动商数评分的关联在调整感知运动能力和体育活动享受的变化后仍然显著。
从儿童早期开始的超重和缺乏运动参与与随时间推移运动能力发展不良的风险增加有关。
