State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
Key Open Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Gene Engineering of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Nanjing 210037, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Nov 6;25(22):11928. doi: 10.3390/ijms252211928.
Transcription factors refer to types of proteins that perform significant functions in the process of gene expression regulation. The ethylene insensitive 3/ethylene insensitive 3-like () family, functioning as significant transcription factors regulating ethylene, plays a critical role in the growth and development of plants and participates in the plant's response to diverse environmental stresses. is an excellent native tree with high economic and ecological value. However, the study of genes in gymnosperms, for instance, is still relatively limited. In this research, four putative genes were identified in the transcriptome of . Bioinformatics analysis showed that genes contain a highly conserved EIN3 domain and other structural features of acidic, proline-rich and glutamine-rich sites. The molecular evolution tree analysis demonstrated that the family was partitioned into three categories (A, B, and C), and the number, type, and distribution of conserved motifs grouped in one category were similar. The results of qRT-PCR indicated that the expression levels of genes were markedly elevated in needles compared to other tissues. Through the analysis of expression patterns of the genes under various stress treatments, it was found that the genes could participate in plant hormone stimulation induction, osmosis, drought and other response processes. In addition, PmEIL is a nuclear localization protein. PmEIL1, PmEIL3, and PmEIL4 are transcriptional activators, while PmEIL2 is a transcriptional suppressor. This research provides a basis for further elucidating the function of EIN3/EIL transcription factors in growth, development and stress response of .
转录因子是指在基因表达调控过程中发挥重要功能的一类蛋白质。乙烯不敏感 3/乙烯不敏感 3 样（EIN3/EIL）家族作为调节乙烯的重要转录因子，在植物的生长发育过程中起着关键作用，并参与植物对各种环境胁迫的响应。欧洲赤松是一种优秀的乡土树种，具有很高的经济和生态价值。然而，对于裸子植物（如欧洲赤松）基因的研究仍然相对有限。在这项研究中，从欧洲赤松的转录组中鉴定出了四个假定的 EIN3 基因。生物信息学分析表明，EIN3 基因包含一个高度保守的 EIN3 结构域和其他酸性、脯氨酸丰富和谷氨酰胺丰富位点的结构特征。分子进化树分析表明，EIN3 家族分为三类（A、B 和 C），同一类中的保守基序的数量、类型和分布相似。qRT-PCR 结果表明，EIN3 基因在针叶中的表达水平明显高于其他组织。通过分析不同胁迫处理下 EIN3 基因的表达模式，发现 EIN3 基因可以参与植物激素刺激诱导、渗透、干旱等响应过程。此外，PmEIL 是一种核定位蛋白。PmEIL1、PmEIL3 和 PmEIL4 是转录激活子，而 PmEIL2 是转录抑制子。这项研究为进一步阐明 EIN3/EIL 转录因子在生长、发育和胁迫响应中的功能提供了依据。
