Yang Mengke, Song Xiaohan, Li Jiazhen, Wang Shiji, Zhang Meichun, Deng Xin, Wang Hongyan
Laboratory of Plant Epigenetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2024 Aug 7;15:1440872. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1440872. eCollection 2024.
The gene family holds a pivotal role as it encodes a crucial transcription factor in plants. During the process of polyploidization in broomcorn millet ( L.), there is an intriguing above-average amplification observed within the gene family. Nonetheless, our current knowledge of this gene family in broomcorn millet remains limited. Hence, in this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the gene family in broomcorn millet, aiming to provide a deeper understanding of the potential evolutionary changes. Additionally, we analyzed the gene family of ., a close relative of broomcorn millet, to enhance our characterization efforts. Within this study, we identified a total of 15 genes specific to broomcorn millet. Through covariance analysis, it was revealed that all genes, except and , had duplicate copies generated through genome-wide duplication events. Importantly, the Ka/Ks values of all duplicated genes were found to be less than 1, indicating strong purifying selection. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these genes could be categorized into four distinct evolutionary branches, showcasing similar characteristics among members within the same branch. However, there appeared to be an uneven distribution of cis-acting elements amid the genes. Further examination of transcriptomic data shed light on the diverse spatiotemporal and stress-related expression patterns exhibited by the genes in broomcorn millet. Notably, under cold stress, the expression of was significantly up-regulated, while under drought stress, displayed significant up-regulation. Intriguingly, the expression pattern of showed an opposite pattern in resistant and sensitive cultivars. The findings of this study augment our understanding of the gene family in broomcorn millet and offer a valuable reference for future investigations into polyploid studies. Moreover, this study establishes a theoretical foundation for further exploration of the ethylene signaling pathway in broomcorn millet.
该基因家族起着关键作用，因为它编码植物中的一种关键转录因子。在黍（L.）的多倍体化过程中，该基因家族出现了高于平均水平的有趣扩增现象。然而，我们目前对黍中这个基因家族的了解仍然有限。因此，在本研究中，我们对黍中的该基因家族进行了全面分析，旨在更深入地了解潜在的进化变化。此外，我们分析了黍的近缘种的该基因家族，以加强我们的特征描述工作。在本研究中，我们总共鉴定出15个黍特有的基因。通过共线性分析发现，除了和之外，所有基因都有通过全基因组复制事件产生的重复拷贝。重要的是，所有重复基因的Ka/Ks值都小于1，表明存在强烈的纯化选择。系统发育分析表明，这些基因可分为四个不同的进化分支，同一分支内的成员具有相似特征。然而，这些基因中顺式作用元件的分布似乎不均匀。对转录组数据的进一步研究揭示了黍中这些基因所表现出的不同时空和与胁迫相关的表达模式。值得注意的是，在低温胁迫下，的表达显著上调，而在干旱胁迫下，表现出显著上调。有趣的是，在抗性和敏感品种中，的表达模式呈现相反的情况。本研究的结果加深了我们对黍中该基因家族的理解，并为未来多倍体研究的调查提供了有价值的参考。此外，本研究为进一步探索黍中的乙烯信号通路奠定了理论基础。
