Blazon Mara Nike, Rezar-Dreindl Sandra, Wassermann Lorenz, Neumayer Thomas, Berger Angelika, Stifter Eva
Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Neonatology, Intensive Care Medicine and Neuropediatrics, Comprehensive Center of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
J Clin Med. 2024 Nov 17;13(22):6926. doi: 10.3390/jcm13226926.
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) remains a major cause of childhood blindness. Its pooled prevalence worldwide is 31.9%, and that of severe ROP is 7.5% among prematurely born babies. Investigating risk factors is essential for improving early detection and treatment outcomes. : To determine the frequency and stages of ROP cases and evaluate the treatment methods for premature infants at the Medical University of Vienna. : In this retrospective study, 352 children who underwent ROP screening between 2018 and 2021 with a gestational age (GA) ≤ 32 weeks and/or a birth weight (BW) ≤ 1500 g were included. : ROP was found in 144 (40.9%) of the 352 screened premature infants, with 17 (4.8%) requiring treatment. Significant risk factors included GA and BW, while sex and pregnancy type were not significant. The mean GA was 27.7 ± 2.5 weeks, and the mean BW was 989.1 ± 359.7 g. Infants with ROP had a lower GA (25.9 ± 1.7 weeks) and BW (778.6 ± 262.4 g) than those without ROP (28.9 ± 2.2 weeks; 1134.9 ± 345.9 g). GA and BW were significantly lower in infants developing ROP ( < 0.001). Stage 2 ROP was the most common severity in 74 children (51.4%). Laser therapy was the most common first-line treatment, used in 11 infants (64.7%), followed by anti-VEGF therapy, used in 6 infants (35.3%). Children were treated within 1.0 ± 0.6 days on average. Of the 17 infants treated, 14 (82.4%) showed initial regression. Three infants (17.6%) required re-treatment: two with initial anti-VEGF therapy and one after laser therapy. : The findings provide insights into ROP's prevalence and treatment preferences at a university tertiary care center. GA and BW were confirmed to be significant predictors, aiding in early detection and informing treatment decisions. These insights will enable comparisons with similar studies and contribute to improved patient care.
早产儿视网膜病变（ROP）仍然是儿童失明的主要原因。其在全球范围内的综合患病率为31.9%，在早产婴儿中严重ROP的患病率为7.5%。调查风险因素对于改善早期检测和治疗结果至关重要。：确定维也纳医科大学早产儿ROP病例的频率和阶段，并评估其治疗方法。：在这项回顾性研究中，纳入了2018年至2021年间接受ROP筛查的352名儿童，其胎龄（GA）≤32周和/或出生体重（BW）≤1500g。：在352名接受筛查的早产儿中，144名（40.9%）发现有ROP，其中17名（4.8%）需要治疗。显著的风险因素包括GA和BW，而性别和妊娠类型不显著。平均GA为27.7±2.5周，平均BW为989.1±359.7g。患有ROP的婴儿的GA（25.9±1.7周）和BW（778.6±262.4g）低于未患ROP的婴儿（28.9±2.2周；1134.9±345.9g）。发生ROP的婴儿的GA和BW显著更低（<0.001）。2期ROP是74名儿童（51.4%）中最常见的严重程度。激光治疗是最常见的一线治疗方法，11名婴儿（64.7%）使用，其次是抗VEGF治疗，6名婴儿（35.3%）使用。儿童平均在1.0±0.6天内接受治疗。在接受治疗的17名婴儿中，14名（82.4%）显示出初始消退。3名婴儿（17.6%）需要再次治疗：2名最初接受抗VEGF治疗，1名在激光治疗后。：这些发现为大学三级护理中心ROP的患病率和治疗偏好提供了见解。GA和BW被证实是显著的预测因素，有助于早期检测并为治疗决策提供依据。这些见解将有助于与类似研究进行比较，并有助于改善患者护理。
