Long Jiamin, Chen Jiali, Yuan Yue, Yang Shaozhen, Xie Xinya, Wu Xuelian, Liu Yuan, Guo Jinpeng, Chen Yong, Wang Changjun, Liu Xiong
School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, People's Republic of China.
Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China.
Infect Drug Resist. 2024 Nov 21;17:5117-5128. doi: 10.2147/IDR.S448256. eCollection 2024.
is an emerging human pathogen that causes nosocomial infections. Its prevalence and spread in the environment should not be ignored. This study identified and characterized co-harboring and in hospital wastewater samples.
Twelve strains were isolated from wastewater samples collected at a tertiary hospital in Beijing, China. The genomic characteristics of strains were analyzed using whole-genome sequences, providing information on the comparison between the genome of strains and the reference genome, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), virulence genes, secretion systems, and mobile genetic elements (plasmids, insertion sequences [ISs], and prophages).
Genome analysis showed that the twelve multi-drug resistant (MDR) strains carried a variety of ARGs and virulence genes, as well as four macromolecular secretion systems (T1SS, T2SS, T5aSS, T5bSS, and T4aP). The genetic environments of both the gene cluster and gene contained ISs. The plasmids carrying gene cluster of nine strains in clade 1 and two strains in clade 2 were annotated as IncR plasmid and rep_cluster_1254 type, respectively. The plasmids carrying in 10 strains in clade 1 were identified as IncU, and the plasmids carrying in the k11 and k12 strains in clade 2 were IncU and IncX6. The phylogenetic tree and heatmap revealed that the secretion system of type VI (T6SSi) existed in 10 strains in clade 1, and Type IV (T4SS) only existed in the k11 strain in clade 2. In addition, strains carried 13 plasmids, 14 ISs, and 138 prophages.
In this study, the whole genome sequencing demonstrated the diversity of genome despite 12 strains from a hospital wastewater, which lays the foundation for further genetic research and drug resistance gene transmission.
是一种新兴的人类病原体，可引起医院感染。其在环境中的流行和传播不容忽视。本研究对医院污水样本中共同携带的菌株进行了鉴定和特征分析。
从中国北京一家三级医院收集的污水样本中分离出12株菌株。利用全基因组序列分析了菌株的基因组特征，提供了菌株基因组与参考基因组之间的比较信息、抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）、毒力基因、分泌系统和移动遗传元件（质粒、插入序列[ISs]和原噬菌体）。
基因组分析表明，这12株多重耐药（MDR）菌株携带多种ARGs和毒力基因，以及四种大分子分泌系统（T1SS、T2SS、T5aSS、T5bSS和T4aP）。基因簇和基因的遗传环境均包含ISs。在进化枝1中，9株携带基因簇的菌株的质粒被注释为IncR质粒，进化枝2中2株携带基因簇的菌株的质粒被注释为rep_cluster_1254类型。进化枝1中10株携带基因的质粒被鉴定为IncU，进化枝2中k11和k12菌株携带基因的质粒分别为IncU和IncX6。系统发育树和热图显示，进化枝1中10株菌株存在VI型分泌系统（T6SSi），进化枝2中仅k11菌株存在IV型分泌系统（T4SS）。此外，菌株携带13个质粒、14个ISs和138个原噬菌体。
在本研究中，尽管12株菌株来自医院污水，但全基因组测序证明了基因组的多样性，这为进一步的遗传研究和耐药基因传播奠定了基础。
