Health Information Unit, Volta Regional Health Directorate, Ghana Health Service, Ho, Ghana.
Saboba District Health Directorate, Ghana Health Service, Saboba, Ghana.
BMC Public Health. 2024 Nov 27;24(1):3309. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-20814-0.
Transport injuries are a global public health concern, causing 1.35 million deaths and over 20 million non-fatal injuries annually. Low- and middle-income countries, particularly countries in Africa, are experiencing an increase in fatalities. Ghana and the Volta Region are not exempted from the burden, prompting targeted interventions. In the development of these interventions, epidemiological data analysis is needed to identify areas for action. This study aimed to analyze the distribution, trends, and incidence of transport-related injuries in the Volta Region of Ghana.
Secondary data was analyzed to describe transport-related injury cases and deaths in the Volta Region of Ghana from 2019 to 2023. Transport-related injuries were obtained from the monthly out-patient morbidity report form whereas transport related deaths were obtained from the inpatient morbidity and mortality, and cause of death report forms. Descriptive data analyses were performed and reported as frequencies, proportions, ratios, and choropleth maps.
Of the 33,415 transport-related injury cases reported between 2019 and 2023, 25 were fatal. The highest proportion of cases, 35.8% (35.3-36.4), was among persons aged 20-34 years. About 66.0% (65.5-66.5) of all the cases involved males. The cumulative incidence was 387 injuries per 100,000 population with the highest incidence recorded in 2021. The incidence of cases declined from 357 per 100,000 population in 2019 to 320 per 100,000 population in 2023. The death rate was stable over the period with the highest of 1.2 per 1000 recorded in 2019 and declined from 1.2 per 1000 in 2019 to 0.9 per 1000 in 2023. Most, 56% of the deaths were reported in district hospitals.
The study showed a decreasing trend in the incidence of transport injuries, but a steady mortality rate in the Volta Region. Young adults were the highest affected group. There is the need for increased road safety campaigns and further research.
交通伤害是一个全球性的公共卫生问题，每年导致 135 万人死亡和 2000 多万人非致命伤害。中低收入国家，特别是非洲国家，正面临着死亡人数的增加。加纳和沃尔特地区也未能幸免，这促使人们采取了有针对性的干预措施。在制定这些干预措施时，需要进行流行病学数据分析，以确定行动领域。本研究旨在分析加纳沃尔特地区交通相关伤害的分布、趋势和发生率。
对 2019 年至 2023 年加纳沃尔特地区的交通相关伤害病例和死亡进行了二次数据分析。交通相关伤害从每月门诊发病率报告表中获得，而交通相关死亡则从住院发病率和死亡率以及死因报告表中获得。进行了描述性数据分析，并以频率、比例、比率和专题地图的形式报告。
在 2019 年至 2023 年期间报告的 33415 例交通相关伤害病例中，有 25 例死亡。比例最高的病例，35.8%（35.3-36.4），发生在 20-34 岁的人群中。所有病例中，约 66.0%（65.5-66.5）为男性。累积发病率为每 10 万人中有 387 人受伤，发病率最高的是 2021 年。发病率从 2019 年的每 10 万人 357 例下降到 2023 年的每 10 万人 320 例。死亡率在该期间保持稳定，最高为 1.2/1000，2019 年为 1.2/1000，2023 年下降至 0.9/1000。大多数（56%）死亡发生在地区医院。
研究表明，加纳沃尔特地区交通伤害的发病率呈下降趋势，但死亡率保持稳定。青年成年人是受影响最大的群体。需要加强道路安全宣传活动和进一步研究。
