Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Widerströmska Huset, Tomtebodavägen 18 A, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
University of South Africa, Institute for Social and Health Sciences, P.O. Box 1087, Lenesia, Johannesburg, 1820, South Africa.
BMC Public Health. 2018 Feb 13;18(1):236. doi: 10.1186/s12889-018-5150-1.
The Eastern Mediterranean region has the second highest number of road traffic injury mortality rates after the African region based on 2013 data, with road traffic injuries accounting for 27% of the total injury mortality in the region. Globally the number of road traffic deaths has plateaued despite an increase in motorization, but it is uncertain whether this applies to the Region. This study investigated the regional trends in both road traffic injury mortality and morbidity and examined country-based differences considering on income level, categories of road users, and gender distribution.
Register-based ecological study linking data from Global Burden of Disease Study with the United Nations Statistics Division for population and World Bank definition for country income level. Road traffic injury mortality rates and disability-adjusted life years were compiled for all ages at country level in 1995, 2005, 2015 and combined for a regional average (n = 22) and a global average (n = 122). The data were stratified by country economic level, road user category and gender.
Road traffic injury mortality rates in the Region were higher than the global average for all three reference years but suggest a downward trend. In 2015 mortality rates were more than twice as high in low and high income countries compared to global income averages and motor vehicle occupants had a 3-fold greater mortality than the global average. Severe injuries decreased by more than half for high/middle income countries but remained high for low income countries; three times higher for males than females.
Despite a potential downward trend, inequalities in road traffic injury mortality and morbidity burden remain high in the Eastern Mediterranean region. Action needs to be intensified and targeted to implement and enforce safety measures that prevent and mitigate severe motor vehicle crashes in high income countries especially and invest in efforts to promote public, active transport for vulnerable road users in the resource poor countries of the Region.
根据 2013 年的数据，东地中海区域的道路交通伤害死亡率在全球仅次于非洲区域，占该区域总伤害死亡率的 27%。尽管机动车数量不断增加，但全球道路交通死亡人数已趋于平稳，但目前尚不清楚这一趋势是否适用于该区域。本研究调查了该区域道路交通伤害死亡率和发病率的趋势，并考虑了收入水平、道路使用者类别和性别分布等因素，分析了国家间的差异。
本研究采用基于登记的生态研究方法，将全球疾病负担研究的数据与联合国统计司的人口数据以及世界银行的国家收入水平定义相关联。在国家层面上，对所有年龄组的道路交通伤害死亡率和伤残调整生命年进行了编制，时间跨度为 1995 年、2005 年和 2015 年，并汇总了该区域的平均值（n=22）和全球平均值（n=122）。数据按照国家经济水平、道路使用者类别和性别进行分层。
该区域的道路交通伤害死亡率在所有三个参考年份均高于全球平均水平，但呈下降趋势。2015 年，低收入和高收入国家的死亡率是全球平均水平的两倍多，而机动车乘员的死亡率是全球平均水平的 3 倍。高/中收入国家的严重伤害减少了一半以上，但低收入国家的严重伤害仍然很高，男性是女性的 3 倍。
尽管存在潜在的下降趋势，但东地中海区域的道路交通伤害死亡率和发病率负担在不平等方面仍然很高。需要加强行动，有针对性地实施和执行安全措施，以预防和减轻高收入国家特别是严重的机动车碰撞事故，并投资于促进该区域资源贫乏国家弱势道路使用者公共、积极交通的努力。
