Shen Xingqian, Liu Yingzhao, Pan Hui, Wang Linlin, Liu Bo, Xiao Hongjun
Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery，Union Hospital，Tongji Medical College，Huazhong University of Science and Technology；Hubei Clinical Medical Research Center of Deafness and Vertigo，Wuhan，430022，China.
Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2024 Dec;38(12):1134-1139. doi: 10.13201/j.issn.2096-7993.2024.12.008.
To explore the effect of mild hearing loss on cognitive function by evaluating the Montreal Cognitive Assessment（MoCA） in idiopathic tinnitus patients with mild hearing loss. 102 patients with idiopathic tinnitus（68 patients with normal hearing and 34 patients with mild hearing loss） whose first complaint is tinnitus and 34 healthy volunteers（control group） were included. All subjects were asked to fill the MoCA, Tinnitus Handicap Inventory（THI）, Self-rating Anxiety Scale（SAS）, Self-rating Depression Scale（SDS）, and Pittsburgh Sleep Index（PQSI） after collecting medical history, pure tone audiometry, tinnitus matching and masking test. The clinical characteristics and scores of each scale were compared among the groups. The score and each dimension score of MoCA in idiopathic tinnitus patients with normal hearing were significantly lower than the normal population（<0.05）; compared with patients with idiopathic tinnitus with normal hearing, patients with mild hearing loss were older（<0.01） and had lower MoCA scores（<0.05）. There was no significant difference in MoCA scores（>0.05） between tinnitus patients with normal hearing and mild hearing loss after correcting confounding factors（age, gender, years of education, duration of tinnitus, frequency of tinnitus tones, side of tinnitus, THI score, SAS score, SDS score, and PQSI score）; idiopathic tinnitus patients with mild hearing loss scored significantly lower in attention and working memory dimensions than idiopathic tinnitus patients with normal hearing（<0.01）. Patients with idiopathic tinnitus may have cognitive dysfunction, and mild hearing loss may not be a factor that promotes the further aggravation of cognitive dysfunction in patients with idiopathic tinnitus. The role of hearing loss in cognitive dysfunction in patients with idiopathic tinnitus needs further research.
通过对轻度听力损失的特发性耳鸣患者进行蒙特利尔认知评估（MoCA），探讨轻度听力损失对认知功能的影响。纳入102例以耳鸣为首发症状的特发性耳鸣患者（68例听力正常患者和34例轻度听力损失患者）及34名健康志愿者（对照组）。所有受试者在收集病史、纯音听力测定、耳鸣匹配和掩蔽试验后，填写MoCA、耳鸣障碍量表（THI）、自评焦虑量表（SAS）、自评抑郁量表（SDS）和匹兹堡睡眠指数（PQSI）。比较各组的临床特征和各量表得分。听力正常的特发性耳鸣患者的MoCA得分及各维度得分显著低于正常人群（<0.05）；与听力正常的特发性耳鸣患者相比，轻度听力损失患者年龄更大（<0.01）且MoCA得分更低（<0.05）。校正混杂因素（年龄、性别、受教育年限、耳鸣持续时间、耳鸣音调频率、耳鸣侧别、THI得分、SAS得分、SDS得分和PQSI得分）后，听力正常和轻度听力损失的耳鸣患者的MoCA得分无显著差异（>0.05）；轻度听力损失的特发性耳鸣患者在注意力和工作记忆维度的得分显著低于听力正常的特发性耳鸣患者（<0.01）。特发性耳鸣患者可能存在认知功能障碍，轻度听力损失可能不是促进特发性耳鸣患者认知功能障碍进一步加重的因素。听力损失在特发性耳鸣患者认知功能障碍中的作用有待进一步研究。
