Rana Chanchal, Vikas Vaibhav, Awasthi Saraswati, Gautam Devika, Vats Ashutosh, Rajput Shiveeli, Behera Manisha, Ludri Ashutosh, Berwal Anupam, Singh Dheer, De Sachinandan
ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI), Animal Biotechnology Division, Animal Genomics Lab, Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India.
National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli (NIT Trichy), Tamil Nadu, 620015, India.
Chemosphere. 2024 Dec;369:143808. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143808. Epub 2024 Nov 28.
The global rise of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant threat to human health. The environment plays an essential role in transmission of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) between human and animal. Bacterial communities harbour diverse ARGs, carried by mobile genetic elements (MGEs) like plasmids and insertion sequences (ISs). Here, a total of 2199 Escherichia coli (E. coli) whole genome sequences from human, animal, bird and environment were retrieved globally to investigate ARG prevalence and assess their genetic framework. The study highlights how the genetic background including plasmids, IS elements and transposons surrounding ARGs influences their transmission potential. The maximum number of ARGs was found in United Kingdom followed by USA, majorly in human hosts. However, IS-associated ARGs were most prevalent in bird hosts. ARGs like aph(6)-ld, aph(3″)-lb, bla, bla were widespread across all hosts. Tn2 was the most prevalent, majorly carried by IncFIB plasmids. The IS26 and ISVsa3 carried diverse ARGs, primarily linked to aminoglycoside and β-lactam resistance. The combinations like mph(A)_IS6100 and bla_IS5 showed fixed IS-ARG associations. ARGs like bla, bla variants displayed strong association with IS elements. The study highlights possible mechanism of transmission due to close proximity of AMR genes to MGEs, offering promising strategies to combat AMR by predicting and addressing future resistance determinants.
全球抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）的上升对人类健康构成了重大威胁。环境在人类和动物之间抗菌药物耐药基因（ARGs）的传播中起着至关重要的作用。细菌群落中含有多种ARGs，这些ARGs由质粒和插入序列（ISs）等移动遗传元件（MGEs）携带。在此，全球范围内共检索了来自人类、动物、鸟类和环境的2199个大肠杆菌（E. coli）全基因组序列，以调查ARGs的流行情况并评估其遗传框架。该研究突出了包括ARGs周围的质粒、IS元件和转座子在内的遗传背景如何影响它们的传播潜力。发现ARGs数量最多的是英国，其次是美国，主要存在于人类宿主中。然而，与IS相关的ARGs在鸟类宿主中最为普遍。aph(6)-ld、aph(3″)-lb、bla、bla等ARGs在所有宿主中都广泛存在。Tn2最为普遍，主要由IncFIB质粒携带。IS26和ISVsa3携带多种ARGs，主要与氨基糖苷类和β-内酰胺类耐药性相关。mph(A)_IS6100和bla_IS5等组合显示出固定的IS-ARG关联。bla、bla变体等ARGs与IS元件显示出强关联。该研究突出了由于AMR基因与MGEs紧密相邻而可能的传播机制，通过预测和应对未来的耐药决定因素，为对抗AMR提供了有前景的策略。
